Abstract: A motor vehicle has a body with an opening that can be closed by a preferably pivotable cover and a box-shaped metallic reflector that is open towards the opening for receiving an HPEM source and that is reversibly insertable into the opening. The reflector is connected to the body by an earth connection following insertion of the reflector. The earth connection is implemented by a brush strip containing fibers of a conductive material that connects the box-shaped reflector to the body circumferentially on all sides in the region of the opening.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a body with an opening that can be closed by a preferably pivotable cover and a box-shaped metallic reflector that is open towards the opening for receiving an HPEM source and that is reversibly insertable into the opening. The reflector is connected to the body by an earth connection following insertion of the reflector. The earth connection is implemented by a brush strip containing fibers of a conductive material that connects the box-shaped reflector to the body circumferentially on all sides in the region of the opening.

Abstract: In order to make it possible to direct sufficient microwave energy at a target with an electronic device which is to be interfered with or to be destroyed, the beams (7) from at least two antenna arrays (10) are focused on an effective area (8) in the vicinity of that target, preferably from a vehicle (3) which is equipped with these arrays (10). For effective super-imposition of the emitted microwave energy (7) in the emission direction of in each case one of the arrays (10), the use of an arc for discharging the capacitance (43) of the resonator via its spark gap (13) is observed, and is recorded quasi-continuously optoelectronically. The electrode separation of the spark gap (13) or the fluid pressure of the dielectric in the vicinity of the spark gap (13) is then varied by control elements such that all of the spark gaps (13) in an array (10) ignite virtually at the same time, so that their discharge current pulses which lead to the emission of the microwave energy (7) start virtually in phase.

Abstract: A motion-restraint arrangement (48) with elongate lines of elements (10), wherein each line of elements (10) has a number of individual elements (12) which can be erected by spring elements (20) from a small-volume thin storage condition into a large-volume active condition. Each respective individual element (12) has flexible lateral edge elements (16, 18), which in the active condition define a parallelepiped. The spring elements (20) extend in spatially diagonal relationship between the corners (22) of the respective parallelepiped (14). A motion-restraint arrangement (48) which is easy and inexpensive to produce and which has optimum restraint properties is obtained in that the spatially diagonal spring elements (20) are formed by spring wires (24), which extend in a zigzag shape in the longitudinal direction of the respective line of elements (10).

Abstract: A motion-restraint arrangement (48) with elongate lines of elements (10), wherein each line of elements (10) has a number of individual elements (12) which can be erected by spring elements (20) from a small-volume thin storage condition into a large-volume active condition. Each respective individual element (12) has flexible lateral edge elements (16, 18), which in the active condition define a parallelepiped. The spring elements (20) extend in spatially diagonal relationship between the corners (22) of the respective parallelepiped (14). A motion-restraint arrangement (48) which is easy and inexpensive to produce and which has optimum restraint properties is obtained in that the spatially diagonal spring elements (20) are formed by spring wires (24), which extend in a zigzag shape in the longitudinal direction of the respective line of elements (10).

Abstract: In order to make it possible to direct sufficient microwave energy at a target with an electronic device which is to be interfered with or to be destroyed, the beams (7) from at least two antenna arrays (10) are focused on an effective area (8) in the vicinity of that target, preferably from a vehicle (3) which is equipped with these arrays (10). For effective super-imposition of the emitted microwave energy (7) in the emission direction of in each case one of the arrays (10), the use of an arc for discharging the capacitance (43) of the resonator via its spark gap (13) is observed, and is recorded quasi-continuously optoelectronically. The electrode separation of the spark gap (13) or the fluid pressure of the dielectric in the vicinity of the spark gap (13) is then varied by control elements such that all of the spark gaps (13) in an array (10) ignite virtually at the same time, so that their discharge current pulses which lead to the emission of the microwave energy (7) start virtually in phase.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the sensitivity of stabilizing an optronic fuse system, which includes a controller, and, as a receiver, an avalanche photodiode (APD). In order to avoid adjustment of an analog electronic system with potentiometers, laser trimming or individual resistor fitment, the controller ascertains the temperature of the APD in such a way that the sensitivity of the APD corresponds to its reference sensitivity at any temperature.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the sensitivity of stabilizing an optronic fuse system, which includes a controller, and, as a receiver, an avalanche photodiode (APD). In order to avoid adjustment of an analog electronic system with potentiometers, laser trimming or individual resistor fitment, the controller ascertains the temperature of the APD in such a way that the sensitivity of the APD corresponds to its reference sensitivity at any temperature.

Abstract: An optronic fuse of the standoff or proximity type, which comprises an arrangement for the measurement of a transit time between a transmitted and from a target reflected pulse.

Abstract: A laser radar-proximity fuse with a laser-range measuring device and mask or camouflage discrimination, wherein for the initiation of the fuse, is no longer triggered at the beginning rather but at the end of an echo pulse configuration, even though its comparatively flat descending or falling pulse flank is or is not adapted for the determination of a clear, reproducible or controllable triggering point-in-time. By applying a Constant-Fraction-Trigger-Principle, which has heretofore been applied primarily to the rising or ascending flank of a pulse, there can be also derived a good controllable range or distance-dependent triggering pulse for the thereby optimized initiation of the fuse from the flatter rear flank of the echo pulse configuration, whereby the attacking of the target will not take place prematurely, but will be better directed toward the target center.

Abstract: In a target simulation system for measurement and functional testing of an active optronic target tracking system its search head (12) which is mounted on a turntable (11), a pilot beam source (26), a target simulation beam generator (21) and a test camera (20) are directed on to the same side of a projection surface (18). By means of a pilot beam (27), defined points, provided with sensors (25), of the projection surface (18), relative to the apparatus installation, and then the directional control of the turntable (11), are measured. The search head receiver (14) controls tracking of a target simulation point (23) which moves over the projection surface (18) and whose movement is detected in terms of co-ordinates by the camera (20) in order to compare same to the search head movement.

Abstract: A laser radar-proximity fuse with a laser-range measuring device and mask or camouflage discrimination, wherein for the initiation of the fuse, is no longer triggered at the beginning rather but at the end of an echo pulse configuration, even though its comparatively flat descending or falling pulse flank is or is not adapted for the determination of a clear, reproducible or controllable triggering point-in-time. By applying a Constant-Fraction-Trigger-Principle, which has heretofore been applied primarily to the rising or ascending flank of a pulse, there can be also derived a good controllable range or distance-dependent triggering pulse for the thereby optimized initiation of the fuse from the flatter rear flank of the echo pulse configuration, whereby the attacking of the target will not take place prematurely, but will be better directed toward the target center.

Abstract: Described is a method of adjusting the sensitivity of an optronic fuse, using an intelligent optronic fuse having a digitally programmable amplification device which is loaded with a basic operating software to set a medium gain factor. The optronic fuse is then set in operation for the adjustment procedure. In that situation the sensitivity achieved is measured. The ideal reference gain of the amplification device is calculated from the measured sensitivity value. The amplification device is then programmed with the appropriate reference gain.

Abstract: An optronic fuse for the warhead of a weapon system equipped with an intelligent sensor arrangement, wherein the fuse operates on the basis of the pulse transit time process and implements echo transit time measurement. In order in the weapon system to be able to steplessly freely program the desired detonation range at short notice and to be able to handle a large signal dynamic range, for the purposes of measuring the echo transit time there is provided a time-digital converter which for example is a fast counter or components which operate with the addition of very small gate passage times.

Abstract: Described is a method of adjusting the sensitivity of and stabilising an optronic fuse system which has a controller and as the receiver an avalanche photodiode (APD). In order to avoid adjustment of an analog electronic system with potentiometers, laser trimming or individual resistor fitment, the controller ascertains the temperature of the APD and regulates the bias voltage of the APD in such a way that the sensitivity of the APD corresponds to its reference sensitivity at any temperature.