Abstract: A process for the production of electrical or electronic components or circuits on a flexible flat or three-dimensional carrier by applying a liquid or pasty starting material for a structured or unstructured electrical or electronic functional layer and subsequent drying, sintering and/or cross-linking of the starting material on the support, wherein the step of drying, sintering and/or cross-linking includes a brief superficial exposure of the coated support to radiation in the near infrared range, the amplitude maximum of which is in the wavelength range between 800 nm and 1,500 nm and the power density of which is in the range between 1,500 nm and 1,500 nm. 500 nm and whose power density on the surface of the substrate is in the range between 50 kW/m2 and 1,000 kW/m2.

Abstract: A 3D-metal-printing method applies material layer-by-layer and selectively locally heats predetermined points above a sintering or melting temperature of the powder and sinters or fuses the melted points with the underlying layer and optionally tempers the points. The starting material layer and optionally at least one underlying layer is preheated to a temperature with a predetermined difference to the melting temperature, and near IR radiation is sequentially irradiated in sections into partial sections of the total area of the respective starting material layer, wherein the selective local heating above the sintering or melting temperature is carried out in each case for predetermined points within a preheated partial section.

Abstract: A hot-melt printing process for producing a product is provided wherein the product is built up by applying polymer plies of powder or filament to a previously produced layer and by selectively locally heating predetermined points above a sintering or melting temperature and sintering or fusing the melted points with the underlying layer, wherein the respective newly applied polymer ply and optionally at least one underlying layer is preheated to a temperature with a predetermined difference to the sintering or melting temperature by flat or migrating irradiation of short-wave or medium-wave IR radiation, and wherein the preheating of at least the newly applied polymer ply and/or the local heating above the sintering or melting temperature is carried out by means of near IR radiation, in particular with a radiation density maximum in the wavelength range between 0.77 and 1.2 µm and with high power density above 200 KW/m2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing electrical or electronic components or circuits on a flexible, flat or three-dimensional substrate via the application of a liquid or paste-like starting material for a structured or unstructured electrical or electronic functional layer, and subsequent drying, sintering and/or curing of the starting material on the substrate, wherein the step of drying, sintering and/or curing involves a short surface-application of the coated substrate with radiation in the near-infrared range, with an amplitude maximum in a wavelength range between 800 and 1500 nm and with a power density on the surface of the substrate between 50 kW/m2 and 1000 kW/m2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaning system for cleaning at least one three-dimensional object which is formed by solidification, in particular layer by layer or continuously, of a material which is solidifiable under the action of radiation, which cleaning system comprises a cleaning chamber for receiving the at least one three-dimensional object to be cleaned, wherein the cleaning system comprises at least one cleaning agent container containing uncontaminated cleaning agent, wherein the cleaning chamber and the at least one cleaning agent container are fluidically connected to one another, wherein the cleaning system comprises at least one conveying device for conveying uncontaminated cleaning agent from the at least one cleaning agent container into the cleaning chamber and for conveying contaminated cleaning agent from the cleaning chamber back into the at least one cleaning agent container. A method for cleaning at least one three-dimensional object is also proposed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by solidifying, in particular in layers or continuously, a material that is solidifiable by radiation, which apparatus comprises a support device for holding the solidified three-dimensional object, wherein the apparatus comprises a detaching device for automatically detaching a three-dimensional object held on the support device, wherein the apparatus comprises a protective device for protecting the detaching device, in particular in the building position.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by solidifying a material that is solidifiable under the effect of radiation, which system comprises a container for receiving the solidifiable material, in which container the solidifiable material is solidified in layers or continuously by the effect of radiation for manufacturing the three-dimensional object, wherein the container comprises a container base and a peripheral container wall projecting from the container base, wherein the container base and the container wall delimit a material receiving space for receiving the solidifiable material, wherein the container defines a container inner space surrounded by a container shroud, wherein the container inner space comprises the material receiving space, wherein the container shroud is closed, and wherein the container shroud comprises a support element, which defines a holding surface for holding the three-dimensional object made from the solidifiable material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tooth stump for a dental model, said dental model comprises at least one tooth and at least one tooth stump receptacle for at least partially receiving the tooth stump, said tooth stump comprises a tooth portion in the form of a human or animal tooth and a coupling portion defining a coupling portion longitudinal axis for force-locking and/or positive-locking engagement with the at least one tooth stump receptacle of the dental model in a coupling position, the tooth stump comprising a positioning device for defined spatial positioning of the tooth stump in the tooth stump receptacle in the coupling position, wherein the positioning device comprises at least one positioning element formed on the coupling portion. Further, the invention relates to a dental model.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 3D-metal-printing method for producing a spatial metal product substantially consisting of a metal powder or metal filaments, the powder or the filaments being structured layer-by-layer by application of starting material layers to a respectively previously produced layer and selective local heating of predefined points of the layer above a sintering or melting temperature of the powder and fusion of the molten points with the underlying layer and optional tempering of the points, in which the respectively newly applied starting material layer and optionally at least one underlying layer are preheated by planar or migratory irradiation of near-IR radiation, particularly with a maximum radiation density in the wavelength range of between 0.8 and 1.5 ?m, to a temperature with a predetermined difference to the melting temperature and/or points predefined in connection with the local heating are subjected to an aftertreatment for thermal voltage compensation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 3D hot-melt printing process for producing a three-dimensional product (P) substantially from a polymer powder or polymer filaments, the product being built up in layers by application of polymer plies of powder or filament onto a respectively previously produced ply and selective local heating of predetermined points on the ply by means of a sintering or melting temperature of the powder or of the filaments and sintering or melting of the melted points with the underlying layer. The polymer ply which is in each case newly applied and optionally at least one underlying layer is preheated by planar or travelling irradiation of short- or medium-wave IR radiation to a temperature with a predetermined difference for sintering or melting temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by solidifying, in particular in layers or continuously, a material that is solidifiable under the action of radiation, wherein the system includes a device for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by solidifying, in particular in layers or continuously, a material that is solidifiable under the action of radiation, wherein the system includes a carrier arrangement for holding the three-dimensional object that has been solidified from the solidifiable material, wherein on the one hand at least one of the carrier arrangement and a part thereof, and on the other the device, are formed such that they are detachably connectable to one another, in particular for the purpose of separation once the solidified three-dimensional object has been formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for producing a three-dimensional object by solidifying layer by layer a material that can be solidified under the effect of radiation. The system comprises a device for releasing a material layer of the solidifiable material that has solidified on a carrier defining a reference surface from the carrier. The device comprises a flexible elastic release element. The release element is arranged between the carrier and the material layer and can be detached nondestructively from the carrier. The system also comprises a fluid introduction device for introducing a release fluid between the carrier and the release element. The reference surface is curved in a way deviating from a plane.