Abstract: A transmission system comprising a transmitter with a signal encoder, the signal encoder having an input for a signal to be encoded and a codebook entry selector for selecting a codebook entry for obtaining a synthetic signal giving a best approximation of a signal representative of the input signal, wherein the codebook entry includes a plurality of samples that can assume more than two values and is identified with a sequence of symbols, a receiver having a decoder with a codebook for deriving the codebook entry from the sequence of symbols received from the transmitter, wherein the codebook entries corresponding to sequences of symbols that differ in one particular symbol value also differ in one single sample value.

Abstract: A transmission system has a speech encoder and a speech decoder. From frames of speech signal samples, the speech encoder derives data frames with coefficients representing the frames of speech signal samples. The data frames, that include complete and incomplete data frames, are transmitted to a speech decoder. As compared to a complete data frame, an incomplete data frame carries an incomplete set of coefficients. The speech decoder introduces additional coefficients into incomplete data frames. The additional coefficients represent frames of speech signal samples that are later in time than the frames of speech signal samples corresponding to the incomplete data frames. The speech decoder uses the additional coefficients to complete incomplete sets of coefficients.

Abstract: In a transmission system a variable length encoder is used to reduce the average bitrate of a sequence of symbols.

Abstract: A transmission system wherein a speech signal is represented by a plurality of prediction parameters updated once per frame. Each frame comprises a plurality of sub-frames in which an excitation signal generated by a fixed codebook and an adaptive codebook is updated. In order to enhance the reconstructed speech quality the prediction coefficients are interpolated at the decoder by an LPC coefficient interpolator to obtain interpolated prediction coefficients for each sub-frame. According to the present invention the interpolation of the prediction coefficients is not based on the prediction coefficients used for transmission, such as reflection coefficients or Log Area Ratios, but on Line Spectral Frequencies. This reduces degradation of speech quality due to interpolation.

Abstract: In a speech encoder (4), a speech signal is encoded using a voiced speech encoder (16) and an unvoiced speech encoder (14). Both speech encoders (14,16) use analysis coefficients to represent the speech signal. The analysis coefficients are determined more frequently when a transition from voiced to unvoiced speech or vice versa is detected. This has been found to achieve significantly improved quality of speech reproduced from the encoded speech signal.

Abstract: In a harmonic speech encoder (16) a speech signal to be encoded is represented by a plurality of LPC parameters which are determined by a LPC parameter computer (30), a pitch value and a gain value. The speech encoder comprises a (coarse) pitch estimator (38) for determining a coarse pitch, and a refined pitch computer (32) to determine a refined pitch from the coarse pitch value. The refined pitch value is determined in an analysis by synthesis way, in which a refined pitch value is selected which results in a minimum error measure between a representation of a synthesized speech signal and a representation of the original speech signal.

Abstract: In a speech communication network in which a transmitter (1) transmits speech signals via a network (4) to a receiver (8), it can happen that more traffic is offered to the network (4) than it can handle. In order to reduce the network load, at least one node (24) is arranged to perform bitrate reduction to delete some of the prediction parameters representing the speech signal. It can also be the case that a receiver comprises a speech decoder having insufficient computational power available for decoding the encoded speech signal. In such case, the speech decoder is arranged for using only a part of the prediction parameters available. This results in a lower complexity of the synthesis filter (60).

Abstract: A transmission system with a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter has a speech encoder with analysis means, has calculation means, and has control means. The receiver has a speech decoder. Through a transmission medium, the transmitter transmits frames of data to the receiver. The analysis means determine analysis coefficients from a speech signal. From a bitrate setting, the calculation means calculate a fraction of the frames of data to carry more information about the analysis coefficients than a remaining number of the frames of data. The control means control the transmitter to transmit the fraction of the frames of data and to transmit the remaining number of the frames of data. The receiver receives the frames of data. The receiver derives a reconstructed speech signal from the received frames of data.