Abstract: A circuit for analogously controlling a capacitive charge, has a drive source used to provide an operating voltage or an operating flow used to charge the capacitive charge, a circuit arrangement used to charge and discharge the charge, and a storage capacity used to intermediately store the charge of the charge during the discharge of the charge and to emit intermediately stored charge to the charge during charging of the charge. In a method for analogously controlling a capacitive charge by applying a operational voltage or an operating flow of a drive source in order to charge the capacitive charge onto the charge and to discharge the charge, during a first discharge phase, the charge of the charge is intermediately stored in a storage capacity and during a first charging phase, which is used to charge the charge, the charge from the charge capacity is charged in the charge.

Abstract: An actuator (4) is connected, on one side, to a valve needle (3), and on the opposite side, to a hydraulic piston (6) pertaining to a hydraulic length compensator. A working chamber (5) is divided by a tight separating membrane (9), into an actuator chamber (10) containing the actuator (4) and a fluid chamber (11) which can be filled with the fluid to be dosed in a pressurized manner while the actuator chamber (10) and the hydraulic chamber (7) are filled with a hydraulic fluid. A base pressure can be produced in the hydraulic fluid by means of the pressure of the fluid to be dosed, which is transmitted through the separating membrane (9).

Abstract: A metering device has an actuating unit within a housing in which an actuator is inserted and a hydraulic compensating element. The hydraulic compensating element is connected to the actuator and can be filled with a fluid when subjected to pressure. A first end of the actuator is provided with a first end cap. The metering device further has a stop that is disposed on the housing in the form of a seat, faces the first end cap, and defines a stopping position for the first end cap. The stop maintains a maximum distance between a sealing element and the end cap, the distance being smaller than the actuator traveling distance such that the actuator stroke beyond the end cap is sufficient for opening the valve. The first end cap hits the stop when moving in the direction of the hydraulic compensating element such that the movement is blocked.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of oligonucleotide probes comprising exon 15 of the BRAF gene or a part thereof comprising codon 599 for the detection of the malignancy of melanoma cells.

Abstract: A dosing device comprises a housing (1) provided with an actuator, a dosing opening (8), a guiding shaft (6) which surrounds part of the valve needle (7) and forms a valve chamber (10) with the same, and a fluid chamber module (4) which is welded to the housing (1) in the form of a duct for guiding the valve needle (7) into the housing (9). The fluid chamber module (4) and the housing (1) are assembled along a separation surface (13) which is subjected to pressure by the dosing liquid and is formed almost only by axial cylinder wall surface parts (13) in order to reduce the pressure load on the weld seam (13).

Abstract: The injector tip of an injection valve which injects directly into the combustion chamber protrudes therein, thereby incurring the risk that combustion residues can become deposited on the injector tip. When the injection valve is in a closed state, the possible attachments of combustion residues along a separation line (10) are eliminated by means of a special configuration of the surface at the separation line (10) between the valve body and a valve plate. The surface is represented in a smooth, step-less, edge-less and curved manner.

Abstract: A direct injection valve in a cylinder head (1) consists of a cylindrical housing comprising the following components: a valve (16) for dosing a fluid by means of a valve needle (15), an actuator (2) for generating a stroke acting on the valve needle, and a fluid supply to the valve (16). In order to minimise the heat transfer from the cylinder head (1) to the injection valve, an air gap (3) surrounds the housing of the injection valve, maintaining the housing and the cylinder head at a distance from each other.

Abstract: A fluid dosing device for a pressurized liquid is disclosed, which comprises a chamber (35) which is supplied with pressurized liquid by means of a liquid supply line (17, 19); a valve needle (9) which is guided through the chamber (35), the first end section of said valve needle being able to be lifted and the second end section thereof forming a valve in conjunction with a valve seat disposed on the housing (3). Metal bellows (33) are provided as a leadthrough element for the first end section of the valve needle (9). The metal bellows seal the chamber in said region in a tight manner. A throttle point (37, 39) is provided between the valve needle (9) and the inner wall of the chamber between the metal bellows (33) and the mouth (18) of the liquid supply line (17) leading into the chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a control unit for operating a hydraulic injection valve, which comprises at least one piezoelectric actuator (2), a displaceable component (3) and a hydraulic element (9) such as bearing or a transmission system. The use of a drive voltage (U) modifies the length of an actuator (2), which makes it possible to control the stroke of the displaceable component (a valve needle 3). The inventive control unit (10) produces a polarizing voltage (UB) which pre-stresses the actuator (2) and whose polarization direction is opposite to the polarization direction of said actuator (2). Said invention makes it possible to obtain the greater modification of the length when the actuator (2) operates in the polarization direction than the drive voltage starts at 0 volts, as it was in practice before. Said invention makes it possible to reduce energy consumption.

Abstract: The jacket surface of the piezoelectric actor body (1) is surrounded by an injector housing (9), maintaining an intermediate space and is cooled by direct contact with an inert fluid which does not conduct electricity (6), forming a fluid space in the injector housing (9) which is filled with fluid except for an air reservoir (7). The volume of the air reservoir (7) is at least large enough to allow the thermal expansion of the heat coupling fluid (6) which occurs at the highest operating temperature of the actor body (1).

Abstract: A power output stage for capacitive loads includes: an energy storage inductance, having one end connected to a reference potential and an opposite end connected on the input side to a power supply connection and on the output side to a secondary energy storage capacitance; a primary energy storage capacitance is connected upstream of the energy storage inductance on the input side, and connected on the input side via a primary switching element with a reference potential, and a secondary switching element connected in series with the secondary energy storage capacitance (4), characterized in that the input of the power output stage is clocked by an additional switch.

Abstract: Described are recombinant DNA molecules comprising the regulatory sequence(s) of an intron of the Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) receptor-2 gene (Flk-1) or of a gene homologous to the Flk-1 gene, being capable of conferring expression of a heterologous DNA sequence in endothelial cells, preferably in vivo. Vectors comprising said DNA molecules as well as host cells containing the same are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions comprising such recombinant DNA molecules and vectors. Furthermore, cells and transgenic non-human animals, comprising the aforementioned recombinant DNA molecules or vectors stably integrated into their genome and their use for the identification of substances capable of suppressing or activating transcription of a gene in endothelial cells are described.

Abstract: An actuator (4) is connected, on one side, to a valve needle (3), and on the opposite side, to a hydraulic piston (6) pertaining to a hydraulic length compensator. A working chamber (5) is divided by a tight separating membrane (9), into an actuator chamber (10) containing the actuator (4) and a fluid chamber (11) which can be filled with the fluid to be dosed in a pressurized manner while the actuator chamber (10) and the hydraulic chamber (7) are filled with a hydraulic fluid. A base pressure can be produced in the hydraulic fluid by means of the pressure of the fluid to be dosed, which is transmitted through the separating membrane (9).

Abstract: The injector tip of an injection valve which injects directly into the combustion chamber protrudes therein, thereby incurring the risk that combustion residues can become deposited on the injector tip. When the injection valve is in a closed state, the possible attachments of combustion residues along a separation line (10) are eliminated by means of a special configuration of the surface at the separation line (10) between the valve body and a valve plate. The surface is represented in a smooth, step-less, edge-less and curved manner.

Abstract: A dosing device comprises a housing (1) provided with an actuator, a dosing opening (8), a guiding shaft (6) which surrounds part of the valve needle (7) and forms a valve chamber (10) with the same, and a fluid chamber module (4) which is welded to the housing (1) in the form of a duct for guiding the valve needle (7) into the housing (9). The fluid chamber module (4) and the housing (1) are assembled along a separation surface (13) which is subjected to pressure by the dosing liquid and is formed almost only by axial cylinder wall surface parts (13) in order to reduce the pressure load on the weld seam (13).

Abstract: The jacket surface of the piezoelectric actor body (1) is surrounded by an injector housing (9), maintaining an intermediate space and is cooled by direct contact with an inert fluid which does not conduct electricity (6), forming a fluid space in the injector housing (9) which is filled with fluid except for an air reservoir (7). The volume of the air reservoir (7) is at least large enough to allow the thermal expansion of the heat coupling fluid (6) which occurs at the highest operating temperature of the actor body (1).

Abstract: A converter mounting comprises a memory coil inductance (8), a memory primary capacitor (3) mounted upstream of said coil inductance, and a memory secondary capacitor (4), in particular, a piezoelectric actuator, mounted downstream of said coil inductance. Through control of a primary circuit element (12) and of a secondary circuit element (14), the energy of the memory primary capacitor (3) can be transferred to the memory secondary capacitor (4) and recovered.

Abstract: An injection valve for injecting fuel comprises a valve housing (1) inside of which a drive unit (15) controls the movement of a valve needle (5) that is pretensioned by a spring (11). The injection valve also comprises a main chamber (27), which is provided inside the valve housing, is filled with fuel and accommodates the valve needle (5), and comprises a hydraulic bearing for the drive unit (15). The hydraulic bearing has a hydraulic chamber (29) that is connected to the main chamber (27), whereby fuel serves as the operating substance of the hydraulic bearing.

Abstract: A power output stage for capacitive loads includes:

Abstract: A converter mounting comprises a memory coil inductance (8), a memory primary capacitor (3) mounted upstream of said coil inductance, and a memory secondary capacitor (4), in particular, a piezoelectric actuator, mounted downstream of said coil inductance. Through control of a primary circuit element (12) and of a secondary circuit element (14), the energy of the memory primary capacitor (3) can be transferred to the memory secondary capacitor (4) and recovered.