Abstract: A method for machining a workpiece irradiated with laser light. of the workpiece is at least partially transparent to the laser light such that the laser light penetrates into the workpiece. The laser light is concentrated by a beam-shaping optical unit in a focusing zone having, in cross section perpendicular to the beam axis, a flattened shape with a length situated in the beam direction and a width and thickness which are each perpendicular to the length, wherein the thickness of the focusing zone, at least at one position along the beam axis, is smaller by at least a factor of 5 than the width and the length of the focusing zone, and wherein within the focusing zone, on account of the intensity of the laser light in the material of the workpiece, there is inserted a modification zone which, corresponding to the focusing zone, has a flattened shape.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided for transmitting electromagnetic waves, in particular for transmitting image information, from a proximal end to a distal end, along a transport direction running between the ends and a via a cross-section running transversely to the transport direction. The waveguide has a plurality of structural elements, wherein at least two different types of structural elements have a first type with a first refractive index and a second type with a second refractive index. Each of the structural dements extends along the transport direction and over a part of the cross-section of the waveguide such that a plurality of cross-sectional regions are defined in the cross-section of the waveguide, each cross-sectional region corresponding to the cross-section of an individual structural element.

Abstract: A laser medium arrangement for generating or amplifying laser light by stimulated emission of photons, wherein the laser medium arrangement defines a longitudinal direction and a cross-section running transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction, and wherein the laser medium arrangement includes a plurality of structural elements each extending along the longitudinal direction and proportionally over the cross-section, wherein at least two different types of structural elements are included, namely a first type having a first refractive index and a second type having a second refractive index, wherein at least one of the structural elements includes a laser-active material. A laser system including such a laser medium arrangement is also provided.

Abstract: A method for the separative processing of brittle-hard materials is provided. The method includes irradiating a surface of a workpiece made of brittle-hard material with a laser beam having a wavelength sufficient so that light of the laser beam is absorbed at the surface and so that the workpiece is heated to create a first temperature gradient in a direction from the surface to an interior of the workpiece; guiding the laser beam over the surface along an irradiated region; forming a second temperature gradient along the surface between the irradiated region and a non-irradiated region adjacent the irradiated region, the first and second temperature gradients interacting in such a way that, on account of thermomechanical stresses, the workpiece is separated below the surface with a portion of the workpiece being severed in the form of a chip.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermal expansion-balanced transverse Anderson localization optical waveguides that have reduced bowing. The optical waveguide is formed of a fiber bundle comprising at least two distinct structural elements. The low curvature of the waveguide is achieved by a net CTE modulus being close to zero, which is achieved by relocating some of the structural elements of the fiber bundle to a different quadrant of the waveguide cross-section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a remote sensing mechanism device comprising a primary light source for emitting primary light at a specific wavelength, an optical waveguide having a proximal end and a distal end and configured to transfer the primary light from the proximal end to the distal end and to transfer secondary light, caused at the distal end by the primary light and preferably at a different wavelength, back to the proximal end, a light receiver/output unit arranged at the distal end of the optical waveguide and serving to receive the primary light from the distal end and output the secondary light to the distal end of the optical waveguide, and a secondary light receiver arranged at the proximal end of the optical waveguide and serving to receive the secondary light from the proximal end of the optical waveguide, the optical waveguide having a numerical aperture of greater than 0.5.

Abstract: A method of structuring a glass element having a first side face and a second side face is provided. The method includes the steps of: producing a filament-shaped flaw in the glass element with a pulsed laser beam along a focus line; etching to remove glass in the filament-shaped flaw to form a wall extending from the first side face towards the second side face, the wall having a boundary line that is tapered at a vertex between the wall and the first side face with a taper angle with respect to a perpendicular of the first side face; and adjusting the taper angle by controlling a feature of the focus line. The feature is selected from a group consisting of a position of the focus line, a length of the focus line, an intensity distribution of the focus line, and any combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waveguide (1) for transmitting electromagnetic waves, in particular for transmitting image information from a proximal end (2) of the waveguide to a distal end (4) of the waveguide, along a transport direction (5) extending between the proximal and distal ends, and over a cross-section extending transversely to the transport direction, wherein light may be transmitted through the waveguide (1) by Anderson localization, and wherein the waveguide (1) has an improved properties compared to conventional fiber optic bundles.

Abstract: A method for controlling an energy distribution introduced by at least one line focus of at least one laser beam in a substrate is performed by forming the line focus at least regionally in the substrate and influencing the laser beam with at least one phase mask to control the energy distribution in the substrate.

Abstract: A panel-shaped glass element is provided that includes vitreous material having a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 10×10-6 K-1 as well as two opposing surfaces. The glass element furthermore has at least one recess which runs through the glass of the glass element and has a recess wall which runs around the recess and adjoins the two opposing surfaces. The recess wall has a structure with a multiplicity of mutually adjacent rounded dome-shaped depressions. A roughness of the recess wall is formed by these depressions as well as the ridges enclosing the depressions. The recess wall has a mean roughness value (Ra) which is less than 5 µm.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided for transmitting electromagnetic waves, in particular for transmitting image information, from a proximal end to a distal end, along a transport direction running between the ends and a via a cross-section running transversely to the transport direction. The waveguide has a plurality of structural elements, wherein at least two different types of structural elements have a first type with a first refractive index and a second type with a second refractive index. Each of the structural dements extends along the transport direction and over a part of the cross-section of the waveguide such that a plurality of cross-sectional regions are defined in the cross-section of the waveguide, each cross-sectional region corresponding to the cross-section of an individual structural element.

Abstract: A method of structuring a glass element having a first side face and a second side face is provided. The method includes the steps of: producing a filament-shaped flaw in the glass element with a pulsed laser beam along a focus line; etching to remove glass in the filament-shaped flaw to form a wall extending from the first side face towards the second side face, the wall having a boundary line that is tapered at a vertex between the wall and the first side face with a taper angle with respect to a perpendicular of the first side face; and adjusting the taper angle by controlling a feature of the focus line. The feature is selected from a group consisting of a position of the focus line, a length of the focus line, an intensity distribution of the focus line, and any combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for the separative processing of brittle-hard materials is provided. The method includes irradiating a surface of a workpiece made of brittle-hard material with a laser beam having a wavelength sufficient so that light of the laser beam is absorbed at the surface and so that the workpiece is heated to create a first temperature gradient in a direction from the surface to an interior of the workpiece; guiding the laser beam over the surface along an irradiated region; forming a second temperature gradient along the surface between the irradiated region and a non-irradiated region adjacent the irradiated region, the first and second temperature gradients interacting in such a way that, on account of thermomechanical stresses, the workpiece is separated below the surface with a portion of the workpiece being severed in the form of a chip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the direct determination of spatial dimensions of a light beam with high precision and short measuring period, which are also suitable for the measuring of laser beams with high power in the range of the beam focus. For this purpose, an apparatus is proposed that includes a beam scanner, at least one light sensor, a movement device for the execution of a relative movement between the light beam and the beam scanner, and a device for the signal recording of a temporally variable signal of the light sensor. The beam scanner comprises at least one scanning body with at least three sampling areas, which extends along sampling lines. The sampling areas are configured for the extraction of linear or strip-shaped light samples from a cross-section of the light beam. Several scanning surfaces are defined by the sampling lines of the sampling areas, each spanned by a movement vector of the relative movement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the direct determination of spatial dimensions of a light beam with high precision and short measuring period, which are also suitable for the measuring of laser beams with high power in the range of the beam focus. For this purpose, an apparatus is proposed that includes a beam scanner (20), at least one light sensor (60), a movement device (50) for the execution of a relative movement between the light beam (10) and the beam scanner (20), and a device (64) for the signal recording of a temporally variable signal of the light sensor (60). The beam scanner (20) comprises at least one scanning body (21) with at least three sampling areas (22), which extends along sampling lines. The sampling areas (22) are configured for the extraction of linear or strip-shaped light samples from a cross-section (14) of the light beam (10).