Abstract: An estimated initial direction of movement of a newly-detected object is to be determined. The actual previous directions of movement and positions of previously-detected objects are determined and stored. When a newly-detected object is newly detected at a certain position, then the actual previous direction of movement of one of the previously-detected objects at that position is used as a basis to determine the estimated initial direction of movement of the newly-detected object at that position.

Abstract: A curing agent for epoxy resins has N-benzylethane-1,2-diamine and N,N?-dibenzylethane-1,2-diamine in a weight ratio in the range from 65/35 to 95/5. The curing agent is easy to prepare, thins epoxy resins particularly well, and enables low-emission epoxy resin products that have good workability and a long pot-life, cure reliably and surprisingly fast and can be walked on after a short time, in particular even in cold conditions. Coatings of particularly high mechanical grade, with a high surface quality and a minimal tendency to yellowing, can thus be produced. Epoxy resins of this type are particularly suitable for coating floors.

Abstract: A curing agent for epoxy resins, including 1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane and N-benzyl-1,2-ethandiamine in an amount for the ratio of the number of its amine hydrogens to be in the range of 90/10 to 20/80. The curing agent permits suitable epoxy resin compositions that have excellent workability and that cure particularly rapidly in cold and damp conditions, without blushing-induced surface defects, thus achieving coatings of in particular high hardness, high glass transition temperature and surprisingly little tendency to yellowing.

Abstract: An amino-functional addition product from the reaction of at least one diamine of the formula (I) with at least one aromatic diepoxide in a stoichiometric ratio in the range of 1.3 to 1.7 mole diamine per 1 mole-equivalent of epoxy groups. The addition product is liquid at room temperature without a diluent and has surprisingly low viscosity. The composition allows the manufacture of low-emission epoxy-resin coatings that have good workability, cure particularly rapidly and with high surface quality in cold and damp conditions, and allow for a wide range of combinations with other amines and diluents.

Abstract: A silane group-containing polymer obtained from reacting (i) an isocyanate group-containing polymer having an NCO content in the range of 0.3 to 4% by weight and a monomeric diisocyanate content of at most 0.3 wt. % obtained from the reaction of at least one monomeric diisocyanate with at least one polyether polyol in a molar NCO/OH ratio of at least 3/1 and subsequent removal of a major part of the unreacted monomeric diisocyanates by means of a suitable separation process, (ii) with at least one amino-, mercapto- or hydroxysilane in a stoichiometric ratio of at least 1 mole of amino-, mercapto- or hydroxysilane per mole equivalent of isocyanate groups.

Abstract: An amine-functional adduct from the reaction of an amine mixture containing at least one diamine of formula (I) and at least one diamine of formula (II) in a weight ratio ranging from 65/35 to 95/5 with at least one diepoxide in a stoichiometric ratio of at least 1. 2 moles of diamine of the formula (I) to 1 mole equivalent of epoxide groups. The adduct is liquid at room temperature without diluent even in the presence of a small excess of diamine and is surprisingly low in viscosity. In addition, it is particularly cost-effective, as it is available from an amine mixture that is technically easy to produce. The adduct enables low-emission or emission-free epoxy resin coatings with surprisingly good workability at surprisingly fast curing, which have a high hardness and low tendency to yellowing, and which hardly tend to blushing-related defects even in cold and humid conditions.

Abstract: A branched polymer containing silane groups having an average of at least 2.1 silane groups per molecule, from the reaction of (i) a polymer containing isocyanate groups and having an NCO content ranging from 0.7% to 4% by weight, obtained from the reaction of at least one monomeric diisocyanate with at least one polyether polyol in a molar NCO/OH ratio of at least 1.5/1, (ii) with at least one amino-, mercapto- or hydroxysilane, in a stoichiometric ratio of at least 1 mol of amino-, mercapto- or hydroxysilane per molar equivalent of isocyanate groups. The polymer containing silane groups is storage-stable, liquid at room temperature and easily handled, and permits curable compositions having excellent processability, rapid curing, high strength coupled with good extensibility, and good thermal stability. It is particularly suitable as a constituent of moisture-curable sealants, adhesives or coatings, additionally including a further, in particular linear, polymer containing silane groups.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) having advantageous properties when used as a latent curing agent for compositions containing isocyanate groups, and to compositions containing the compound of formula (I). The compound of formula (I) is odourless, is liquid and has comparatively low viscosity at room temperature and is stable in storage together with isocyanates. It makes possible odourless single-component polyurethane compositions which have good stability in storage, do not produce bubbles when cured in the presence of moisture, and cause no problematic odour emissions, giving a cured elastic material having good mechanical properties, good heat stability, a surprisingly non-adhesive surface and little tendency towards plasticizer migration.

Abstract: The use of an aldehyde mixture containing 70 to 95 wt % of aldehydes of formula (I) and 5 to 30 wt % of alkylbenzene compounds not corresponding to formula (I) as a blocking agent for amines results in odorless, especially economically blocked amines, which at room temperature are typically liquid and have a surprisingly low viscosity. Such blocked amines are particularly suitable as latent hardeners in isocyanate-group-containing compositions. Single-component moisture-curing polyurethane compositions formulated therewith are surprisingly stable in storage, can be used for low-emission applications without odor problems and do not trigger any problems with plasticizer migration. Surprisingly, said compositions even have advantages over corresponding compositions having latent hardeners based on purified aldehydes of formula (I), in particular with respect to viscosity, storage stability and especially strength.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aldol ester of the formula (I), wherein at least one carboxylic anhydride of the formula (II) is reacted with at least one aldol of the formula (III) with heating in the presence of a basic catalyst with a pKa of the conjugate acid of at least 8, and the reaction product obtained from the process. The process provides a light-coloured and low-odour reaction product which has a high content of aldol ester content of the formula (I) and can be used, without elaborate purification steps, particularly without overhead distillation of the aldol ester, as a blocking agent for primary amines. The resultant blocked amines have a long storage life together with polymers containing isocyanate groups, and cure rapidly and reliably on contact with moisture to form mechanically high-grade and robust elastomers.

Abstract: A curing agent for epoxy resin compositions containing at least one amine of formula (I) and at least one amine of formula (II). The curing agent is a low-odor, low-viscosity, low-toxicity curing agent and has a low propensity for carbamatization and a high reactivity toward epoxy resins. It enables low-odor and low-emission epoxy resin products which are readily processable and which even at low temperatures and high humidities undergo rapid and problem-free curing to afford high-quality plastics having a high hardness and a regular, non-tacky surface with high gloss.

Abstract: A thixotropic agent for increasing the yield point of a curable composition, wherein the thixotropic agent includes (i) at least one urea compound from the reaction of at least one isocyanate with at least one amine and (ii) at least one polyether having blocked hydroxyl groups. The thixotropic agent is preparable in a simple manner and forms a spreadable paste which is firm at room temperature. It is particularly suitable as a constituent of moisture-curing polyurethane or SMP compositions, giving a good increase in the yield point thereof, without adversely affecting storage stability or migration characteristics. It enables phthalate-free adhesives, sealants or coatings that have surprisingly good conveyability coupled with a high yield point, and do not cause any problems with odor or fogging.

Abstract: Hydroxyaldimines of formula (I), their reaction products, in particular products of their reaction with polyisocyanates, and compositions including isocyanate groups and containing such reaction products. The hydroxyaldimine permits compositions which have good storage stability, a long open time, low odour, rapid, bubble-free curing and good mechanical properties, and which are not susceptible to plasticizer migration and have a particularly low content of monomeric diisocyanates. In particular, it permits reactive hot-melt adhesives with a particularly good workability.

Abstract: A hardener for epoxy resins, containing at least one amine A1 of formula (I) and at least one amine A2 of formula (II), the weight ratio of amine A1 to amine A2 ranging between 20/1 and 1/2. The hardener allows the manufacture of low-emission epoxy resin adhesives having good workability, a sufficiently long pot-life and open time with rapid curing, high strength, low brittleness, high adhesion, in particular to steel, and a sufficiently high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition, which contains at least one isocyanate-group-containing polymer, obtained from the reaction of at least one polyol with at least one diisocyanate, and at least one oxazolidine of the formula (I). The polyurethane composition allows one-component moisture-curing adhesives, sealants or coatings that have good storage stability, long open times and cure quickly to give a surprisingly non-tacky material having pronounced high-resilient properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing a curing agent for epoxy resins, in which an amine mixture including at least one parent amine of the formula (I) and at least one alkylated amine of the formula (II) is reacted or adducted with at least one glycidyl ether of the formula (III). The amine mixture is especially a reaction mixture from the partial alkylation of the amine of the formula (I). The process described enables, with low energy expenditure and high space-time yield, curing agents of low odor, low toxicity, low viscosity and high reactivity for epoxy resins and epoxy resin products that cure rapidly at ambient temperatures and especially also under cold conditions and at the same time enable high-quality coatings having an even, shiny surface.

Abstract: A composition having at least one polyisocyanate and/or at least one isocyanate-group-containing polyurethane polymer and at least one latent hardener having aldimino group(s) of formula (I)—as an elastic adhesive, sealant or coating, which is applied on at least one plasticiser migration sensitive substrate and/or is provided with at least one covering layer and a composite obtained therefrom. The method is characterized in that porous material or stress-crackforming plastics can be used without restriction as substrates and very different materials can be used without restriction as covering layers, without the occurrence of damage associated with plasticiser migration from the composition, such as bleeding, discoloring, spotting, softening, swelling or detachment.

Abstract: Methods of using a curable composition, the curable composition including at least one polyether having blocked hydroxyl groups as the plasticizer on at least one alkaline substrate. The curable composition is storage-stable, easy to handle and highly elastic after curing, and does not show any tendency to separate or migrate. It enables elastic bonding, sealing or coating of alkaline substrates, such as, in particular, fresh or green concrete or cement mortar, without occurrence of troublesome odors triggered by plasticizer hydrolysis.

Abstract: Heat-curing epoxy resin compositions are characterized by high impact strength, good storage stability, and a low curing temperature. The epoxy resin compositions are suitable for use as a construction shell adhesive and for producing structural foams. They can already be cured in so-called bottom-baking conditions. Furthermore, it has been found that the use of an accelerator of the formula (Ia) or (Ib) results in an increase of the impact strength of heat-curing epoxy resin compositions.

Abstract: A method for preparing an acid solution by contacting at least one aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acid with at least one polyether having blocked hydroxyl groups as a solvent. The polyether having blocked hydroxyl groups is not volatile and exhibits a surprisingly high dissolving capacity for the aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acid. The acid solution is very compatible in curable compositions and does not cause any emission or odor or migration effects. The acid solution is particularly suitable as a constituent of polyurethane compositions having latent curing agents for accelerating the hydrolysis of the latent reactive groups.