Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of cyclic carbonates of the formula I or a mixture thereof in epoxy resin compositions and also to epoxy resin compositions which comprise such cyclic carbonates. in which R1 and R2 independently of each other are hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C5-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl or C2-C6-alkynyl, or R1 and R2 together are a C3-C11-alkylene group; R3 and R4 independently of each other are hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C5-C6-cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl or C2-C6-alkynyl, or R3 and R4 together are a C4-C6-alkylene group; or mixtures thereof, as additives in epoxy resin compositions.

Abstract: In a process for purifying carboxylic esters such as ethyl formate, a carboxylic ester to be purified is distilled in the presence of an extractant, preferably by (a) allowing vapor of the carboxylic ester to be purified to ascend in a distillation column; (b) conveying the extractant in countercurrent to the vapor in an extractive distillation column; (c) taking off pure carboxylic ester above the extractive distillation zone. The extractant is, for example, selected from among diols, polyols, open-chain or cyclic amides.

Abstract: In a process for preparing carboxylic esters by transesterification, a first feed stream comprising a first carboxylic ester, e.g. methyl formate, is introduced laterally into a reaction column at least one first feed point located between top and bottom of the reaction column and a second feed stream comprising a first alcohol, e.g. ethanol, is introduced laterally into the reaction column at a second feed point located above the first feed point and are reacted in a reaction zone of the reaction column to form a second carboxylic ester and a second alcohol. The first alcohol has a higher molecular weight than the second alcohol. A product fraction comprising the second carboxylic ester and unreacted first carboxylic ester is taken off at an offtake point located above the second feed point. At the bottom of the reaction column, a bottom fraction comprising the second alcohol and unreacted first alcohol is taken off.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of m-substituted alkyltoluenes of the formula (I) in which R1 is C1-C5-alkyl, wherein a p-substituted alkyltoluene of the formula (II) in which R1 has the meaning given under formula (I), is isomerized in the presence of ionic liquids to give an m-substituted alkyltoluene of the formula (I). The m-substituted alkyltoluenes obtainable according to the invention are starting compounds for the preparation of fragrances and aroma substances.

Abstract: A toothbrush head having elastomeric oral hygiene parts in the form of elastomeric strips aligned non-perpendicular to the length direction of the head. Preferably adjacent pairs of strips are linked to form a strip of “V” cross section. Preferably the head comprises flexibly linked segments and is flexibly linked to the toothbrush handle.

Abstract: A toothbrush head having elastomeric oral hygiene parts in the form of elastomeric strips aligned non-perpendicular to the length direction of the head. Preferably adjacent pairs of strips are linked to form a strip of “V” (32A, 32B) cross section. Preferably the head comprises flexibly linked segments (14, 15) and is flexibly linked to the toothbrush handle.

Abstract: A method for producing a brush, wherein a filament bundle strand is unwound from a spool and moved past a cutting device that severs a predetermined length of the strand for connection with the bristle carrier of the brush. In order to increase productivity, airflow is used to transport the unwound strand and the severed strand length. A pressure or vacuum source is provided which communicates with the take-off guide channel and/or the guide channel and which produces in the respective channel an airflow that is effective in the direction of transport of the strand.

Abstract: A method for producing toothbrushes by way of injection molding is provided, wherein a brush body is formed in a mold cavity, bristle filaments are connected to the brush body for forming bristles, and at least one flexible element extending substantially in parallel with the bristle filaments is preferably formed by injection onto the brush body. The contouring and/or finishing of the bristle filaments can be carried out without any impairment by the flexible cleaning elements. During the finishing operation, the flexible cleaning element is removed from the operative area of the finishing tool.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a toothbrush comprising a handle and a brush head provided with a plurality of bristle bundles. A basic body of a brush head is produced preferably from a hard component in an injection-moulding means, the bristle bundles being embedded at their ends in bristle-bundle holding sections which are connected by bridge portions. These bridge portions are cut through and the basic body of the brush head is encompassed preferably with a soft component by injection moulding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing brushes, in particular toothbrushes, by way of injection molding, wherein a brush body is formed in a mold cavity, bristle filaments are connected to the brush body for forming bristles, and at least one flexible element extending substantially in parallel with the bristle filaments is preferably formed by injection onto the brush body. It is the object of the present invention to improve the above-mentioned method such that contouring and/or finishing of the bristle filaments can be carried out without any impairment by the flexible cleaning elements. According to the invention said object is achieved in that the useful ends of the brush are finished, the at least one flexible cleaning element being removed from the operative area of the finishing tool during said finishing operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a toothbrush comprising a handle and a brush head provided with a plurality of bristle bundles. A basic body of a brush head is produced preferably from a hard component in an injection-moulding means, the bristle bundles being embedded at their ends in bristle-bundle holding sections which are connected by bridge portions. These bridge portions are cut through and the basic body of the brush head is encompassed preferably with a soft component by injection moulding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a brush. In accordance with said method, a strand of a single filament or of a bundle of filaments is unwound from a spool and moved past a cutting means in which a predetermined length piece of the strand is cut off. Subsequently, said length piece is connected to a bristle carrier. In order to increase the productivity, the present invention suggests that, when the strand or rather the length piece has been cut to length, it should be transported by means of an airflow. The risk that a filament kinks during transport of the strand can be excluded in this way. The apparatus according to the present invention comprises, in a manner known per se, at least one spool keeping a strand of a single filament or of a filament bundle ready for use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for processing bristle filaments, in particular toothbrushes, with an abrasive surface. In order to improve, in particular, the processing of contoured brushes, the abrasive surface is formed according to the present invention on at least one tooth flank of at least one tooth which is provided on a rotating circumferential surface and circulates in the rotational direction. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the bristle filaments are moved in a first direction substantially in parallel to at least one tooth flank comprising the abrasive surface, and in a second direction substantially at a right angle to the first direction, over the ridge of the at least one tooth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a toothbrush comprising a handle and a brush head provided with a plurality of bristle bundles. A basic body of a brush head is produced preferably from a hard component in an injection-moulding means, the bristle bundles being embedded at their ends in bristle-bundle holding sections which are connected by bridge portions. These bridge portions are cut through and the basic body of the brush head is encompassed preferably with a soft component by injection moulding.

Abstract: A brush, preferably a toothbrush, comprises a brush body and at least one bundle of flexible bristes. At least one supporting element is provided on the brush body for laterally supporting at least one bundle of bristles. This improves the service life of the bundles of bristles, allowing a prolonged use of the brush and a sufficiently high flexibility of the bristles or bundles of bristles at the same time. A method of producing the brush is also indicated.