Abstract: A hydraulic motor vehicle braking system includes a first functional unit, a second functional unit and a switching device. The first functional unit comprises at least one first valve arrangement designed to optionally connect or disconnect at least one first wheel brake associated with a first axle to or from an existing hydraulic pressure, and at least one second valve arrangement designed to optionally connect or disconnect at least one second wheel brake associated with a second axle to or from an existing hydraulic pressure. The second functional unit comprises at least one second electrical brake pressure generator, by means of which a brake pressure can be generated on at least the at least one second wheel brake, and a second control system which is designed to control the at least one second electrical brake pressure generator for a brake pressure regulation on at least the at least one second wheel brake in the event of a failure of the first functional unit.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor vehicle braking system includes an electrical parking brake actuator for generating a brake force on a vehicle wheel. The braking system also comprises a first functional unit comprising at least one first electrical brake pressure generator, by means of which a brake pressure can be generated on respective wheel brakes, and a first control system designed to control the at least one first electrical brake pressure generator for a brake pressure regulation. A second functional unit of the braking system comprises at least one second electrical brake pressure generator, by means of which a brake pressure can be respectively generated on a subset of the wheel brakes, and a second control system which is designed to control the at least one second electrical brake pressure generator for a brake pressure regulation in the event of a failure of the first functional unit.

Abstract: A testing method includes the steps of: (1) providing a negative pressure generator; (2) generating a negative pressure in a fluid passageway and a chamber which are in fluid communication with a guiding section of a fluid reservoir wherein a second sensing element is affixed to a guiding section of the fluid reservoir; (3) transferring a fluid flow stream from the guiding section to the chamber via the fluid passageway and drawing a float having a first sensing element from an upper position to a lower position within the guiding section; (4) generating a signal via the first and second sensing elements as the float moves relative to the second sensing element within the guiding section; and (5) transmitting a signal to at least one of a control unit or a graphical user display.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor vehicle braking system includes a first sensor device, a first functional unit, a second functional unit and a switching device. The first functional unit comprises at least one first electrical brake pressure generator, by means of which a brake pressure can be generated on respective wheel brakes, and a first control system which is designed to control the at least one first electrical brake pressure generator on the basis of a sensor signal of the sensor device. The second functional unit comprises at least one second electrical brake pressure generator, by means of which a brake pressure can be respectively generated on a subset of the wheel brakes, and a second control system which is designed to control the at least one second electrical brake pressure generator on the basis of the sensor signal in the event of a failure of the first functional unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a hydraulic brake system during a regenerative braking process. In the method, a hydraulic fluid is displaced in the direction of a wheel brake by means of a brake cylinder. In the method, furthermore, at least a volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is conducted via a pressure dissipation valve into an accumulator, an isolation valve is adjusted in the direction of a closed state in order to at least partially hydraulically isolate the wheel brake from the brake cylinder, and at least a volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is conveyed out of the wheel brake by means of a pump. The present disclosure furthermore comprises a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle, a computer program product, a control unit and a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hydraulic brake system during a regenerative braking process where a displacement of a hydraulic fluid in the direction of a wheel brake is performed by means of a brake cylinder and at least one volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is conducted via a pressure dissipation valve, which is situated in an open position, into an accumulator. In the method, furthermore, the pressure dissipation valve is adjusted in the direction of a closed state, in order to realize an increase of a hydraulic braking torque effected by the wheel brake, if an overall braking torque which is made up of the hydraulic braking torque and a generator braking torque effected by an electric machine is lower than a braking torque demand, and if the generator braking torque lies below a braking torque limit of the electric machine.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hydraulic brake system where a hydraulic fluid is displaced in the direction of at least two-wheel brakes by means of a brake cylinder. One of the at least two-wheel brakes is at least partially hydraulically isolated from the brake cylinder in order to adapt the at least two-wheel brakes with regard to their hydraulic braking force to an incipient or present wheel load distribution. In addition or alternatively, in the method, it is furthermore the case that at least one volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is displaced between the at least two wheel brakes in order to adapt the at least two wheel brakes with regard to their hydraulic braking force to a changing wheel load distribution over the course of the braking process and/or to a changing generator braking torque over the course of the braking process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a hydraulic brake system during a regenerative braking process. In the method, a displacement of a hydraulic fluid in the direction of a wheel brake is performed by means of a brake cylinder. The method comprises the step whereby an isolation valve which is assigned in terms of flow to the wheel brake and which is situated in a flow path of the hydraulic fluid is adjusted in the direction of a closed state in order to set a pressure difference between a region positioned upstream of the isolation valve in terms of flow and a region positioned downstream of the isolation valve in terms of flow. The present disclosure furthermore comprises a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle, a computer program product, a control unit and a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hydraulic brake system during a regenerative braking process which utilizes a generator braking torque effected by an electric machine is provided. A hydraulic fluid is displaced in the direction of a wheel brake by means of a brake cylinder, and at least a volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is conducted into an accumulator. The method comprises the step whereby at least a volume fraction of the hydraulic fluid is conveyed from the accumulator in the direction of the wheel brake by means of a pump, in order to realize an increase of a hydraulic braking torque effected by the wheel brake, if a braking torque demand is higher than a braking torque limit of the electric machine.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system for a land vehicle includes a brake pedal; a wheel brake; and a master brake cylinder connected to the brake pedal by a brake booster and a pump. The outlet of the pump is connected to the wheel brake by a supply line and the inlet is connected to the wheel brake by a return line. The pump moves hydraulic fluid to the wheel brake. A temporary store is connected to the inlet of the pump and the wheel brake by the return line. A pressure reduction valve, arranged in the return line of the wheel brake, has a throttling effect in the open state. A control unit compensates for the difference between a total braking torque specified by the brake pedal and a generating braking torque provided by an electric machine by setting the hydraulic braking torque during a regenerative braking process of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vestibular electrode is described that is for implantation into a vestibular semi-circular canal. An intra-labyrinthine electrode carrier with a C-shaped cross-section has an inner concave surface and an outer convex surface, and is configured to fit through an electrode opening in an outer surface of the bony labyrinth into the perilymph fluid without breaking the membranous labyrinth so as to fit the inner concave surface of the electrode carrier adjacent to the membranous labyrinth and the outer convex surface adjacent to the bony labyrinth. There are one or more electrode contacts on a surface of the electrode carrier that are configured for electrical interaction with adjacent neural tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides DNA polymerases and their use in various applications. The present invention also relates to uses and methods utilizing the DNA polymerase of the present invention for discriminating between matched and mismatched primers or detecting SNP or methylated cytosine. The present invention also relates to kits comprising such DNA polymerases.

Abstract: A vestibular electrode is described that is for implantation into a vestibular semi-circular canal. An intra-labyrinthine electrode carrier with a C-shaped cross-section has an inner concave surface and an outer convex surface, and is configured to fit through an electrode opening in an outer surface of the bony labyrinth into the perilymph fluid without breaking the membranous labyrinth so as to fit the inner concave surface of the electrode carrier adjacent to the membranous labyrinth and the outer convex surface adjacent to the bony labyrinth. There are one or more electrode contacts on a surface of the electrode carrier that are configured for electrical interaction with adjacent neural tissue.

Abstract: A brake system for a land vehicle includes at least one wheel brake; a pump configured to pump hydraulic fluid from the inlet side of the pump to the outlet side of the pump; at least one intermediate store for receiving hydraulic fluid; a hydraulic connection between the intermediate store and the inlet side of the pump; at least one first valve arrangement for blocking a hydraulic connection between the outlet side of the pump and the at least one wheel brake; at least one second valve arrangement for blocking a hydraulic connection between the at least one wheel brake and the inlet side of the pump; and at least one third valve arrangement for blocking a hydraulic connection between the outlet side of the pump and the intermediate store.

Abstract: The present invention relates to DNA polymerases displaying increased substrate scope such as improved reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase activities, as well as improved activities for incorporating and extending modified nucleotides. In particular, the present invention relates to DNA polymerases derived from wild-type Thermus aquaticus (Taq) polymerase, comprising the mutations S515R, I638F, and M747K with regard to the wild-type amino acid sequence. The present invention further relates to nucleic acids coding for the DNA polymerases of the present invention, vectors containing said nucleic acids, host cells containing said vectors or nucleic acids, methods for the generation of DNA molecules using said DNA polymerases, kits containing said DNA polymerases, and uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic braking system for a land vehicle, having at least one wheel brake; a master brake cylinder, which is designed to displace hydraulic fluid into the at least one wheel brake upon actuation of the braking system by the driver; a pump, which is designed to displace hydraulic fluid into the at least one wheel brake; a plurality of valve arrangements; a control unit, which is designed to actuate the pump and the plurality of valve arrangements; and a temporary store, which is connected hydraulically to the at least one wheel brake and to an input of the pump. The temporary store comprises a restoring element and is designed to accommodate a hydraulic fluid reserve volume during a rest state of the braking system, and to make the accommodated hydraulic fluid reserve volume available to the pump for displacement into the at least one wheel brake during an actuation state.

Abstract: A vehicle brake system comprises an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling a vehicle brake arrangement, and an electric machine operating as a motor and a generator. The ECU controls valves and the electric machine so that, when a brake pedal is actuated, hydraulic fluid is supplied to a wheel brake from a master cylinder to generate a brake pressure. After a corresponding brake pressure is attained, the supply of hydraulic fluid is disabled, wherein the brake pressure effected by the hydraulic fluid is gradually dissipated, and, correspondingly, the electric machine is operated increasingly as a generator. Upon an increase of driver braking demand, hydraulic fluid is additionally supplied from the master cylinder to the wheel brake, and with decreasing vehicle speed, the electric machine is operated decreasingly as a generator, and, correspondingly, hydraulic fluid is supplied to the wheel brake from an intermediate accumulator and/or from the master cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention provides DNA polymerases and their use in various applications. The present invention also relates to uses and methods utilizing the DNA polymerase of the present invention for discriminating between matched and mismatched primers or detecting SNP or methylated cytosine. The present invention also relates to kits comprising such DNA polymerases.

Abstract: A vestibular stimulation electrode lead is described for conducting electrical stimulation signals generated by an implanted vestibular stimulation module. An extra-vestibular lead branch carries the stimulation signals from the stimulation module to a vestibular entry location. A stopper collar is bent away at a first discrete angle from a distal end of the extra-vestibular lead branch to penetrate into a vestibular structure at the entry location. An intra-vestibular electrode array is bent away at a second discrete angle from the stopper collar and has an outer surface with one or more electrode contacts for delivering the stimulation signals to vestibular neural tissue at a target location within the vestibular structure. The first and second discrete angles form a geometry of the stopper collar and intra-vestibular electrode array that limits insertion of the intra-vestibular electrode array beyond the target location within the vestibular structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic braking system for a land vehicle, having at least one wheel brake; a master brake cylinder, which is designed to displace hydraulic fluid into the at least one wheel brake upon actuation of the braking system by the driver; a pump, which is designed to displace hydraulic fluid into the at least one wheel brake; a plurality of valve arrangements; a control unit, which is designed to actuate the pump and the plurality of valve arrangements; and a temporary store, which is connected hydraulically to the at least one wheel brake and to an input of the pump. The temporary store comprises a restoring element and is designed to accommodate a hydraulic fluid reserve volume during a rest state of the braking system, and to make the accommodated hydraulic fluid reserve volume available to the pump for displacement into the at least one wheel brake during an actuation state.