Abstract: The invention relates to the field of network communication in a wide area, where a local network of a first type has a sending station that communicates with a receiving station in a local network of a second type. A network of a third type is in between the two networks and provides virtual private networking between the two local networks. The network of the first type supports a fine grained QoS, whereas the network of the third type supports a coarser grained QoS. In one example the network of the first type is RSVP capable and the network of the second type is an MPLS network. The invention resides in a component called RSVP-MPLS proxy that maps the RSVP resource advertisements and reservations within an RSVP-aware customer network to an MPLS network, whereby the receiver side doesn't participate in the RSVP communication process.

Abstract: In the method for management of data transmissions in a network, switching means are provided, by means of which a change can be carried out between a first data transmission type and a second data transmission type, as alternative data transmission types between a transmitter and a receiver. The change is carried out on the basis of at least one respectively predetermined criterion. The first data transmission type corresponds to a transport protocol based on rate-based overload control. The second data transmission type corresponds to a transport protocol based on RTT-based overload control.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for packet-switching transmission of media data and a device for processing media data. Media data may be video, audio or text data, or other data. Transmission of the data is usually effected according to a streaming method. The data is therein transmitted in packets and re-assembled in the receiving device. For Internet applications, the real-time transport protocol is very widely used in the transmission of data streams. However, this data transmission protocol does not enable a secure transmission which is based on a repetition of the defectively transmitted data. Sequence counters are used according to this protocol so that left-out data packets can be detected in the receiving device.

Abstract: In an electronic device having an acoustic echo canceller and being capable of implementing audio applications and at least one of a conferencing application and a telephony application, there is provided a background training method for the acoustic echo canceller. The method includes the step of utilizing (650) sound that corresponds to a non-training audio application to train the acoustic echo canceller.

Abstract: Modern computers (10, 20) come with different timers having different attributes like time resolution, supported time range and time reference. Some are local timers, representing relative time values like the TSC counter (11, 21) counting CPU cycles from the power on or reset of the computer. Some are global timers, representing an absolute or real time. Having different classes of timers in the computer (10, 20), a number of computations need to be performed to tie the different timers to each other. It is the idea of the invention to define a single high resolution timer structure wherein the time value is represented with a digital number and a flag clarifies whether the timer is a global timer or local timer. The invention enables a much faster processing of the time values. The global time, tied to a high-resolution timer can be tracked much faster. This means better precision of scheduling of time critical jobs, like packet scheduling for data transport.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new type of quality of service architecture for a network assembly and a corresponding computer network system. The Internet technology as approved by the IETF organization has defined different services. One is the integrated services (IntServ) and the other the differentiated services (DiffServ) architecture. Another is the RSVP Protocol according to which Quality of Service can be implemented with accuracy and richer functionality. The invention shows a way how less sophisticated QoS managers inside the network with only DiffServ or Intserv capability, can be used for enhancing the QoS functionality based on so-called RSVP shadowing messages, and easy to implement RSVP shadowing stacks.

Abstract: A method of operating a network subnet manager, in particular Infiniband network subnet manager in a subnet of a network. Only one subnet manager entity can be master within a subnet. A problem related with this specification is that a specific vendor implementation may exist with many features and internal functionality that are not specified in the network specification. If such a subnet manager loses its exclusivity because another subnet manager enters the subnet, having higher priority, the additional features from the vendor implementation can no longer be used in the subnet. The proposed method solves this problem by allowing a subnet manager that has a lower hierarchy level and thus lower priority to maintain its managing operation by becoming the master subnet manager again.

Abstract: A method for browsing electronic media with hyperlinks is provided. A media document including a plurality of hyperlinks organized into sub-regions is provided. At least one first control element is provided configured to at least activate each individual sub-region. A second control element can be provided configured to activate each individual hyperlink in an activated sub-region.

Abstract: In the method for management of data transmissions in a network, switching means are provided, by means of which a change can be carried out between a first data transmission type and a second data transmission type, as alternative data transmission types between a transmitter and a receiver. The change is carried out on the basis of at least one respectively predetermined criterion. The first data transmission type corresponds to a transport protocol based on rate-based overload control. The second data transmission type corresponds to a transport protocol based on RTT-based overload control.

Abstract: In an electronic device having an acoustic echo canceller and being capable of implementing audio applications and at least one of a conferencing application and a telephony application, there is provided a background training method for the acoustic echo canceller. The method includes the step of utilizing (650) sound that corresponds to a non-training audio application to train the acoustic echo canceller.

Abstract: In an electronic device having an acoustic echo canceller and being capable of implementing audio applications and at least one of a conferencing application and a telephony application, there is provided a background training method for the acoustic echo canceller. The method includes the step of utilizing sound that corresponds to a non-training audio application to train the acoustic echo canceller.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synchronizing a clock of a network component with a clock of a further network component communicatively connected to the network component in a network and a network component, whereby the method comprises the following steps: determining a set of forward transition delays for transmission of messages from the network component to the further network component and a set of corresponding backward transition delays for transmission of messages from the further network component to the network component, selecting a minimum forward transition delay from the set of forward transition delays, selecting a minimum backward transition delay from the set of backward transition delays, deriving an estimated value for an offset between the clock of the network component and the clock of the further network component from the selected minimum forward transition delay and minimum backward transition delay, and adjusting the clock of the network component in accordance with the estima

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating a network subnet manager, in particular Infiniband network subnet manager in a subnet of a network. The subnet manager is a software entity with the task of managing, for example Infiniband subnet and can reside on any one node. The subnet manager discovers the topology of the subnet that it manages, assigns a subnet ID to each port, assigns an address to each port in the subnet, establishes the possible path between all end nodes in the subnet, sets QoS parameters and sweeps the subnet on a regular basis looking for topology changes. Only one subnet manager entity can be master within a subnet. A problem related with this specification is that a specific vendor implementation may exist with many features and internal functionality that are not specified in the network specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for packet-switching transmission of media data and a device for processing media data. Media data may be video, audio or text data, or other data. Transmission of the data is usually effected according to a streaming method. The data is therein transmitted in packets and re-assembled in the receiving device. For Internet applications, the real-time transport protocol is very widely used in the transmission of data streams. However, this data transmission protocol does not enable a secure transmission which is based on a repetition of the defectively transmitted data. Sequence counters are used according to this protocol so that left-out data packets can be detected in the receiving device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new type of quality of service architecture for a network assembly and a corresponding computer network system. The Internet technology as approved by the IETF organization has defined different services. One is the integrated services (IntServ) and the other the differentiated services (DiffServ) architecture. Another is the RSVP Protocol according to which Quality of Service can be implemented with accuracy and richer functionality. The invention shows a way how less sophisticated QoS managers inside the network with only DiffServ or Intserv capability, can be used for enhancing the QoS functionality based on so-called RSVP shadowing messages, and easy to implement RSVP shadowing stacks.

Abstract: Modern computers (10, 20) come with different timers having different attributes like time resolution, supported time range and time reference. Some are local timers, representing relative time values like the TSC counter (11, 21) counting CPU cycles from the power on or reset of the computer. Some are global timers, representing an absolute or real time. Having different classes of timers in the computer (10, 20), a number of computations need to be performed to tie the different timers to each other. It is the idea of the invention to define a single high resolution timer structure wherein the time value is represented with a digital number and a flag clarifies whether the timer is a global timer or local timer. The invention enables a much faster processing of the time values. The global time, tied to a high-resolution timer can be tracked much faster. This means better precision of scheduling of time critical jobs, like packet scheduling for data transport.

Abstract: A user 10 reads an electronic document 200 stored in a storage 300 using an electronic document reading system 100. A visual marker creation and placement system generates and positions a visual marker within text portions of the ED 200 that provide visual reference particularly when scrolling or by browsing the electronic document. A method, system and/or computer program product for presenting an electronic document thus provides one or more visual markers relative to text portions of the electronic document with the one or more visual markers maintaining a fixed position relative to the text during display and scrolling of the electronic document. By providing a fixed position visual reference, the user is better able to keep one's place in the electronic document, both when the electronic document is static and when scrolling through the electronic document.

Abstract: A user 10 reads an electronic document (ED) 200 stored in a storage 300 using an electronic document reading system (EDRS) 100. A reminder creation system automatically creates reminders for the ED 200 that are subliminally remembered by the user thereby allowing the user to quickly locate particular passages by browsing the document until the reminder corresponding to the particular passage is recognized. The RCS 400 obtains a description of each of one or more areas within ED 200 for which a corresponding reminder is to be created and presented to the user. Next, the RCS 400 obtains the characteristics of each corresponding reminder to be created and presented to the user. Then, the RCS 400 causes the reminder corresponding to each of the one or more areas to be presented to the user each time EDRS 100 presents the respective area to the user.

Abstract: A system and method for synchronization of data streams are disclosed. A classification unit receives information about frames of data and provides a rating for each frame that indicates a probability for introducing noticeable artifacts by modifying the frame. A resynchronization unit receives the rating associated with the frames and resynchronizes the data streams based on a reference in accordance with the rating.

Abstract: So that listeners can compile their radio service on an individual basis, broadcasts are classified according to the respective information content, and the broadcasts in each information class are sent in a respective data stream at parallel times. At the reception end, the data streams are simultaneously picked up, are possibly buffer-stored, and are forwarded to a reproduction device according to individual stipulations.