Abstract: A thermal sensor device is configured to determine a fluid parameter of a fluid based on the heat transfer behavior of the fluid. The sensor device comprises one or more heaters and means for determining a response of the sensor device to heater power being supplied to the heaters. For detecting sensor faults, the sensor device is operated in two different modes of operation. First and second values (cstatic, cdynamic) of the same fluid parameter are determined in the two modes. A fault indicator value (F) is derived by comparing the first and second values. The first mode of operation may be a steady-state mode, the first value (cstatic) being based on a steady-state response of the sensor device to heater power being supplied to the heaters, and the second mode of operation may be a dynamic mode, the second value (cstatic) being based on a transient response.

Abstract: A jet regulator for a fitting for dispensing boiling water is provided. The jet regulator includes a substantially cylindrical housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and a swirl creating portion, arranged in the region of the inlet opening, with a substantially helically extending flow guide for rotationally accelerating a stream of water flowing through, an expansion zone, following the swirl creating portion, in which the rotationally accelerated stream of water can flow under the action of centrifugal force in the region of the housing inner wall, and a guide portion, in which the rotational movement of the stream of water is decelerated and the latter is guided in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: In a method of determining a flow rate of a flow of a fluid of interest in a fluidic system, a raw flow rate signal (Qsensor) is determined using a flow rate sensor. The raw flow rate signal is corrected using a flow rate correction function (?) to obtain a corrected flow rate signal (Qsensor,corr). The flow rate correction compensates for a flow rate signal error that is caused by integration of the flow rate sensor into the fluidic system. It is based on a reference correction function (?) that is indicative of a flow rate signal error for a flow of a reference fluid due to the integration of the flow rate sensor into the fluidic system.

Abstract: A thermal sensor device serves for determining a concentration of a target gas in a gas sample that further comprises a disturbance gas. The thermal sensor device comprises first and second measurement structures (1, 2) comprising first and second temperature sensors (TS1, TS2) and a heater element (31) operable to cause heat transfer to the measurement structures through the gas sample. Processing circuitry provides heating power (P3) to the heater element and derives an output signal (S) based on a response of the temperature sensors to the heating power, the output signal being indicative of a concentration of the target gas in the gas sample. The first and second measurement structures have different heat dissipation capabilities, and the processing circuitry derives the output signal from a weighted difference of temperature signals from the first and second temperature sensors.

Abstract: A thermal sensor comprises an active element (41), e.g., a heater or cooler, at least one temperature sensor (31), and processing circuitry (50). The processing circuitry causes a change of power supplied to the active element (41). It then determines, at a plurality of times, a thermal parameter based on an output signal of the temperature sensors and analyzes the transient behavior of the thermal parameter. Based on this analysis, the processing circuitry determines a contamination signal that is indicative of a contamination on a sensing surface of the thermal sensor. If the thermal sensor comprises a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in different sectors of the sensing surface, a multi-sector thermal signal can be derived from the outputs of the sensors, and determination of the contamination signal can be based on the multi-sector thermal signal.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a sensor device for determining the thermal capacity of a natural gas. The sensor device comprises a substrate, a recess or opening arranged in the substrate, a first heating component and a first sensing component. The first heating component comprises a first heating structure and a temperature sensor and the first sensing component comprises a temperature sensor. The sensor device is configured to measure the thermal conductivity of the natural gas at a first measuring temperature and at a second measuring temperature. The sensor device is configured to determine a first, in particular a constant, and a second, in particular a linear temperature coefficient of a temperature dependency function of the thermal conductivity and to determine the thermal capacity of the natural gas based on a fitting function. The fitting function is dependent on the first and the second temperature coefficient.

Abstract: A thermal sensor device is configured to determine a fluid parameter of a fluid based on the heat transfer behavior of the fluid. The sensor device comprises one or more heaters and means for determining a response of the sensor device to heater power being supplied to the heaters. For detecting sensor faults, the sensor device is operated in two different modes of operation. First and second values (cstatic, cdynamic) of the same fluid parameter are determined in the two modes. A fault indicator value (F) is derived by comparing the first and second values. The first mode of operation may be a steady-state mode, the first value (cstatic) being based on a steady-state response of the sensor device to heater power being supplied to the heaters, and the second mode of operation may be a dynamic mode, the second value (cstatic) being based on a transient response.

Abstract: A method for determining fluid parameters, such as a heat capacity cP?, a calorific value Hp, a methane number MN, and/or a Wobbe index WI, of an unknown fluid (g). An unknown flow (55) of the fluid (g) is set in a sensor device (10), the sensor device (10) comprising a thermal flow sensor (1) and a pressure sensor device (15) for measuring at least one temperature value T1, T2, a further parameter, and differential pressure value ?? over a flow restrictor (14). Using these measurement parameters T1, T2, ?? and calibration data, the calorific value Hp, and/or the Wobbe index WI, or parameters indicative thereof, of an unknown fluid (g) are calculated. The invention also relates to such a sensor device (10) and to a computer program product for carrying out such a method.

Abstract: A regulation device for regulating a mixing ratio (x) of a gas mixture comprises a first conduit (1) for carrying a flow of a first gas (e.g., air) and a second conduit (2) for carrying a flow of a second gas (e.g., a fuel gas). The first and second conduits (1, 2) open out into a common conduit (3) in a mixing region (M) to form the gas mixture. A first sensor (S1) is configured to determine at least one thermal parameter of the gas mixture downstream from the mixing region. A control device (10) is configured to receive, from the first sensor, sensor signals indicative of the at least one thermal parameter of the gas mixture and to derive control signals for adjusting device (V1) acting to adjust the mixing ratio, based on the at least one thermal parameter.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a sensor device for determining the thermal capacity of a natural gas. The sensor device comprises a substrate, a recess or opening arranged in the substrate, a first heating component and a first sensing component. The first heating component comprises a first heating structure and a temperature sensor and the first sensing component comprises a temperature sensor. The sensor device is configured to measure the thermal conductivity of the natural gas at a first measuring temperature and at a second measuring temperature. The sensor device is configured to determine a first, in particular a constant, and a second, in particular a linear temperature coefficient of a temperature dependency function of the thermal conductivity and to determine the thermal capacity of the natural gas based on a fitting function. The fitting function is dependent on the first and the second temperature coefficient.

Abstract: A jet regulator for a fitting for dispensing boiling water is provided. The jet regulator includes a substantially cylindrical housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and a swirl creating portion, arranged in the region of the inlet opening, with a substantially helically extending flow guide for rotationally accelerating a stream of water flowing through, an expansion zone, following the swirl creating portion, in which the rotationally accelerated stream of water can flow under the action of centrifugal force in the region of the housing inner wall, and a guide portion, in which the rotational movement of the stream of water is decelerated and the latter is guided in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A thermal sensor comprises an active element (41), e.g., a heater or cooler, at least one temperature sensor (31), and processing circuitry (50). The processing circuitry causes a change of power supplied to the active element (41). It then determines, at a plurality of times, a thermal parameter based on an output signal of the temperature sensors and analyzes the transient behavior of the thermal parameter. Based on this analysis, the processing circuitry determines a contamination signal that is indicative of a contamination on a sensing surface of the thermal sensor. If the thermal sensor comprises a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in different sectors of the sensing surface, a multi-sector thermal signal can be derived from the outputs of the sensors, and determination of the contamination signal can be based on the multi-sector thermal signal.

Abstract: A mass flow controller (10) comprises a fluid inlet (15) and at least one first flow meter (11) to measure a first flow rate (F1) and to output a first flow signal (FS1); at least one second flow meter (12) to measure a second flow (F2) rate and to output a second flow signal (FS2); a control device (13) connected to said first and second flow meters (11,12) and configured and arranged to generate a control signal (C); and at least one control valve (14) connected to said control device (13) to control a total flow rate (Fout) through the mass flow controller (10) in response to the control signal (C). The control signal (C) is generated as a function of both the first and second flow signals (FS1,FS2) such that the mass flow controller's (10) sensitivity to perturbations of said inlet pressure is minimized.

Abstract: A method for determining fluid parameters, such as a heat capacity cpp, a calorific value Hp, a methane number MN, and/or a Wobbe index WI, of an unknown fluid (g). An unknown flow (55) of the fluid (g) is set in a sensor device (10), the sensor device (10) comprising a thermal flow sensor (1) and a pressure sensor device (15) for measuring at least one temperature value T1, T2, a further parameter, and differential pressure value ?? over a flow restrictor (14). Using these measurement parameters T1, T2, ?p and calibration data, the calorific value Hp, and/or the Wobbe index WI, or parameters indicative thereof, of an unknown fluid (g) are calculated. The invention also relates to such a sensor device (10) and to a computer program product for carrying out such a method.

Abstract: Sampling device for samples containing DNA in particular, with a sample-collecting area provided at the free end of an elongate holding device, wherein the sample-collecting area is designed to be separable from the sampling device.

Abstract: Sampling device for samples containing DNA in particular, with a sample-collecting area provided at the free end of an elongate holding device, wherein the sample-collecting area is designed to be separable from the sampling device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system comprising a processing unit, a plurality of access nodes adapted to communicate with a plurality of mobile terminals and wireless backhaul links adapted to connect said access nodes and a wireless backhaul termination interfacing with a core network, According to the present invention:—said processing unit determining dynamically out of said plurality of access nodes, access nodes to remain unused and, access nodes to be used for supporting communication of said mobile terminals, said determination taking into account at least one optimisation criterion consisting in reducing the interference between active access nodes and mobile terminals; said processing unit determining a mapping between said mobile terminals and said active access nodes,—said wireless backhaul links consisting in point-to-multipoint connections between said wireless backhaul termination and said access nodes.

Abstract: The tailgate (1) or rear door for a motor vehicle with a rear window includes a single-piece main carrying structure (10) with a peripheral, flexurally resistant frame (11), with an upper transverse beam (12), two lateral longitudinal beams (13, 14) and at least one lower transverse beam (15). The main carrying structure consists of a fibre-reinforced moulding compound (20) with at least two impregnated, integrated continuous-fibre bands (21) and this moulding compound is non-positively connected to the rear window (2) and together with this forms a flexurally resistant structure. Thereby, the continuous-fibre bands (21) in sections are integrated into the frame (11) in an arrangement vertical (v) to the surface (H) of the tailgate, by way of the continuous-fibre bands (21) being arranged vertically to the surface (H) and/or at a vertical distance (d) to the surface (H).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system comprising a processing unit, a plurality of access nodes adapted to communicate with a plurality of mobile terminals and wireless backhaul links adapted to connect said access nodes and a wireless backhaul termination interfacing with a core network, According to the present invention:—said processing unit determining dynamically out of said plurality of access nodes, access nodes to remain unused and, access nodes to be used for supporting communication of said mobile terminals, said determination taking into account at least one optimisation criterion consisting in reducing the interference between active access nodes and mobile terminals; said processing unit determining a mapping between said mobile terminals and said active access nodes,—said wireless backhaul links consisting in point-to-multipoint connections between said wireless backhaul termination and said access nodes.

Abstract: The method is for managing operation of a first apparatus belonging to a first communication system and exchanging within the first communication system a multi-carrier modulated signal on several sub-carriers. The method includes detecting at the first apparatus the presence of an interfering signal emitted from a victim apparatus on a sub-carrier. The method may also include determining at the first apparatus the path loss between both apparatuses, determining from the path loss and from an allowed interference level at the victim apparatus a maximum allowed transmit power on the sub-carrier of a multi-carrier modulated signal to be transmitted from the first apparatus, and adjusting within the first apparatus the processing of the multi-carrier modulated signal to be transmitted in accordance with the maximum allowed transmit power.