Abstract: The present invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum wherein (i) the protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher or lower affinity as the native neurotoxin; (ii) the protein has an increased or reduced neurotoxicity compared to the native neurotoxin, the neurotoxicity being preferably determined in the hemidiaphragm assay; and/or (iii) the protein comprises a lower affinity against neutralizing antibodies compared to the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to methods for producing the same and the use thereof in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum wherein (i) the protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher or lower affinity as the native neurotoxin; (ii) the protein has an increased or reduced neurotoxicity compared to the native neurotoxin, the neurotoxicity being preferably determined in the hemidiaphragma assay; and/or (iii) the protein comprises a lower affinity against neutralizing antibodies compared to the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to methods for producing the same and the use thereof in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated polypeptide of the luminal domain of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C of Homo sapiens wherein at least 70 percent of the amino acid sequence is identical to the amino acid sequence of the SV2C of Homo sapiens. The polypeptide binds the HC fragment of botulinum neurotoxin A provided that the polypeptide is not the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C of Homo sapiens.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum. The protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher affinity as the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to a method for the production of transport protein, the nucleic acids coding for the transport protein, the transport protein containing pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions and use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum. The protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher affinity as the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to a method for the production of transport protein, the nucleic acids coding for the transport protein, the transport protein containing pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum wherein (i) the protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher or lower affinity as the native neurotoxin; (ii) the protein has an increased or reduced neurotoxicity compared to the native neurotoxin, the neurotoxicity being preferably determined in the hemidiaphragma assay; and/or (iii) the protein comprises a lower affinity against neutralizing antibodies compared to the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to methods for producing the same and the use thereof in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence, at least 70 percent of which are identical to the amino acid sequence of the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein of homo sapiens. Said polypeptide binds the HC fragment of botulinum neurotoxin A provided that the polypeptide is not the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C of homo sapiens.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transport protein which can be obtained by modifying the heavy chain of the neurotoxin formed by Clostridium botulinum. The protein binds specifically to nerve cells with a higher affinity as the native neurotoxin. The invention also relates to a method for the production of transport protein, the nucleic acids coding for the transport protein, the transport protein containing pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions and use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for the multi-stage refining of organic bulk materials according to the fluidized bed principle comprising a plurality of horizontally aligned cells (23) including an upper drying chamber (1), a middle degasification chamber (2) and a lower refining chamber (3) separated from each other by an individual gas permeable floor (19) or a gas impermeable floor (20). Adjacent cells are connected to each other by common discharge/charge chutes having vertical separation walls extending therein.

Abstract: Method for the production of liquid products, particularly, tar, from organic bulk materials.The invention relates to a method, whereby in an apparatus in one or a multiple of refining stages, organic bulk goods are refined to economically significant base materials, so that they are suitable, either directly or indirectly, for the production of gasifier or diesel fuel.The technical object is to utilize a fluidizing medium, with the help of which it is possible to produce, in a reaction chamber, an increased yield of liquid products, especially tar.According to the invention, the problem is solved by supplying a hydrocarbonaceous gas, especially a gas containing methane and hydrogen, as a fluidizing medium in the individual refining stages, whereby, under the particular refining conditions, there results a decrease of the portion of methane and hydrogen, and a comparative increase of the portion of the liquid product, especially of the portion of tar.

Abstract: A two-step method and apparatus, according to the fluidized bed principle, for the production of coke, rich gas and pyrolysis tar, with the object of executing the method in a compact apparatus arrangement, with high energy efficiency and high throughput capacity.This is accomplished by a sequence in which the fine grains removed from the drying vapor mixture are removed from the actual pyrolysis process, and a hot gas, alien to the carbonization, is used as fluidization medium in the pyrolysis reactor, and with a hot gas-high performance separator being used for the dust separation from the pyrolysis gas, with the combustion exhaust gas produced in the combustion chamber being used for the indirect heating of the fluidization medium, for the pre-heating of the gas, which is alien to the carbonization, and for the direct heating in the dryer.