Abstract: A sensor element is provided for gas sensors, in particular to determine particles in gas mixtures, the sensor element including at least one electrochemical measuring element exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one temperature-measuring element integrated into the sensor element. The temperature-measuring element includes a resistor track, which has an electric resistance of less than 180 Ohm at 0° C. The resistor track may thus be produced by thin-foil technology, such as screen printing, for example.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating a guide probe which is arranged behind a catalytic converter and has at least one reference electrode, which is arranged in a solid electrolyte, an exhaust gas electrode which is exposed to the exhaust gas and a porous ceramic coating which covers the exhaust gas electrode is characterized in that a resistor which influences the transport of oxygen ions between the reference electrode and the exhaust gas electrode in a targeted manner is arranged between the reference electrode and the exhaust gas electrode.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for gas sensors, in particular to determine particles in gas mixtures, the sensor element including at least one electrochemical measuring element exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one temperature-measuring element integrated into the sensor element. The temperature-measuring element includes a resistor track, which has an electric resistance of less than 180 Ohm at 0° C. The resistor track may thus be produced by thin-foil technology, such as screen printing, for example.

Abstract: A sensor element is described for determining a physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the pressure or the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element has an electrode exposed to the measuring gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas, ambient air in particular, through a porous volume. The two electrodes are separated from one another by a solid electrolyte. To avoid premature aging of the reference electrode as a result of deposits of foreign substances contained in the reference gas or of chemical interactions caused by the foreign substances, the volume material is selected with respect to its physical and chemical properties in such a way that the foreign substances are bound in the volume and/or are subjected to a chemical reaction.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor, especially a lambda probe, preferably for motor vehicles, containing at least one reference electrode in a solid electrolyte and an exhaust gas electrode exposed to the exhaust gas, which has a porous ceramic coating is characterized by a circuit arrangement, through which an oxygen current flowing toward the exhaust gas electrode can be generated between a reference electrode and an exhaust gas electrode. The size of the oxygen current is adapted to the gas currents diffusing through the porous coating in such a way, that a targeted step change-displacement results.