Abstract: A method for incorporating temperature-regulating hollow structures into a substrate of an optical element, comprising: (A) providing a substrate consisting of a substrate material 12a; (B) progressively focusing a processing light beam onto processing locations at which temperature-regulating hollow structures are intended to arise, so that the substrate material 12a is ablated at the processing locations, wherein adjacent to the processing locations modified substrate material arises, having an increased etching susceptibility relative to the substrate material 12a; (C) applying a rinsing fluid to the processing locations while step (B) is carried out, whereby ablated substrate material is rinsed away. In a step (D), an etching medium is applied to the processing locations while step (B) is carried out, wherein the etching medium removes modified substrate material present there by way of an etching process.

Abstract: A substrate for producing an optical element and an optical element are specified. Furthermore, a semiconductor technology apparatus is specified.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-invasive method for determining hypoxia in a subject. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method and to the use of said device for determining hypoxia in a subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-invasive method for determining hypoxia in a subject. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method and to the use of said device for determining hypoxia in a subject.

Abstract: System for simultaneous measurement Raman and mid-infrared absorption signals from a sample, the system comprising an ATR crystal adapted for holding a sample thereon, at least one Raman excitation light source for Raman excitation, at least one FTIR excitation light source for FTIR excitation, at least one photodetector configured for collecting signals with a wavelength comprised at least in one of the IR spectrum or the Raman spectrum, a wavelength-dispersive device, such as a spectrometer, for collecting Raman signals, an excitation lens, and collection optics comprising a first collection lens.

Abstract: In a method for incorporating temperature-regulating hollow structures into a substrate, in particular into a substrate for an optical element, such as a mirror for an EUV projection exposure apparatus, there are the following steps: (A) providing a substrate; (B) progressively focusing a processing light beam on ablation locations at which temperature-regulating hollow structures are intended to arise; (C) a scanning process is carried out in which the processing light beam is guided with a focus in such a way that an ablation focus is moved along a scanning trajectory; (D) the scanning trajectory comprises a plurality of scanning patterns; (E) the scanning positions are spaced apart from one another in a longitudinal direction of the temperature-regulating hollow structure to be produced; and (F) the scanning trajectory additionally comprises pattern jump paths.

Abstract: In the case of a method for producing a temperature-controlling hollow structure in a substrate, first of all a substrate consisting of a substrate material is provided. The substrate is surveyed in order to ascertain where inclusions are in the substrate. Then, a temperature-controlling hollow structure is worked into the substrate by focusing a processing light beam with a beam axis aligned along a standard direction successively onto processing locations at which the temperature-controlling hollow structure is to be produced. As a result, the substrate material is modified or removed at the processing locations. If an inclusion is on the beam axis aligned along the standard direction, the direction of the beam axis relative to the mirror substrate is changed such that the beam axis does not intersect the inclusion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-invasive method for determining hypoxia in a subject. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method and to the use of said device for determining hypoxia in a subject.

Abstract: An airtight housing, in particular electronics housing, is suitable for use in different ambient pressure conditions. The housing has housing walls of a plastics material. At least one of the housing walls has a pressure compensating device that seals a cutout in the housing wall in an airtight manner. The pressure compensating device has an elastic, flat compensating element located on top of the cutout.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing sphingolipids, compositions comprising sphingolipids and further components, and for the use of the compositions.

Abstract: System for simultaneous measurement Raman and mid-infrared absorption signals from a sample, the system comprising an ATR crystal adapted for holding a sample thereon, at least one Raman excitation light source for Raman excitation, at least one FTIR excitation light source for FTIR excitation, at least one photodetector configured for collecting signals with a wavelength comprised at least in one of the IR spectrum or the Raman spectrum, a wavelength-dispersive device, such as a spectrometer, for collecting Raman signals, an excitation lens, and collection optics comprising a first collection lens.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing sphingolipids, compositions comprising sphingolipids and further components, and for the use of the compositions.

Abstract: A vinyl amine containing polymer comprises randomly distributed repeating monomer units having at least two of the following formulae: wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and wherein the vinyl amine containing polymer comprises repeating monomer unit III and/or IV in a total amount of from about 1.5 weight percent to about 8 weight percent based on a total weight of the polymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing sphingolipids, compositions comprising sphingolipids and further components, and for the use of the compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing sphingolipids, compositions comprising sphingolipids and further components, and for the use of the compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing polyamide composite materials containing silicon, comprising the copolymerisation of: a) at least one silicon compound (SV) having at least one silicon atom, said silicon atom having at least one lactamyl group of formula (A) bonded by means of the nitrogen atom thereof; b) the method also comprises copolymerisation with at least one comonomer (CM) that is selected from among ammonium salts of dicarboxylic acids, amino acids, amino acid amides and lactams. In formula (A), m represents a whole number between 1 and 11, in particular in between 2 and 9, and specifically 3, and # represents the connection to the silicon atom of the compound (SV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic formulation comprising certain methionyl-methionine stereoisomers and to the use of methionyl-methionine for nail and/or hair treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing polyamide composite materials containing silicon, comprising the copolymerisation of: a) at least one silicon compound (SV) having at least one silicon atom, said silicon atom having at least one lactamyl group of formula (A) bonded by means of the nitrogen atom thereof; b) the method also comprises copolymerisation with at least one comonomer (CM) that is selected from among ammonium salts of dicarboxylic acids, amino acids, amino acid amides and lactams. In formula (A), m represents a whole number between 1 and 11, in particular in between 2 and 9, and specifically 3, and # represents the connection to the silicon atom of the compound (SV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic formulation comprising certain methionyl-methionine stereoisomers and to the use of methionyl-methionine for nail and/or hair treatment.

Abstract: A mirror with a mirror carrier, as well as related apparatuses, systems and methods are disclosed. The mirror carrier can be embodied as cooling device with at least one cooling channel. Tube connections can be provided to connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet and an outlet of coolant. Sealing elements for a gas-tight and liquid-tight seals can be arranged between the tube connections and the mirror carrier. The field of application of the mirror can be, for example, an illumination device of a projection exposure apparatus.