Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for joint communication and sensing (JCAS) applications with user equipment (UE) including collision alert detection, user vital signs detection, active autofocus in low-light conditions for camera applications and infrared spectroscopy to detect and identify components of a sample of material. Also disclosed is the use of an apodization range-velocity map to improve detection of targets.

Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry that conveys data with a base station according to a communication standard and that detects range to an external object using a first antenna that transmits a waveform compliant with the standard. The waveform may be a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) waveform, a transmit data waveform, or another waveform. A second antenna may receive a reflected signal that includes the transmitted waveform. The communications circuitry may perform element-wise division on symbols of a selected subcarrier in the reflected signal using corresponding phases and magnitudes of a set of complex OFDM symbols used to generate the transmitted waveform. Peak detection may be performed to detect the range. Using standard-compliant transmit waveforms to also perform spatial ranging may allow the communications circuitry to avoid dedicated radar circuitry while also minimizing impact to the transfer of the data.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus to secure a system for passive unlocking of a vehicle system, particularly a vehicle unlocking system, against relay station attacks. The system comprises a vehicle-based device that can send on a first radio frequency and receive on a second radio frequency, and a driver-based device that can receive on the first radio frequency and send on the second radio frequency. The vehicle-based device and/or the driver-based device are also able to receive on a radio frequency that the other device can receive. One of the two devices send at least one ambient noise signal sequence to the other device. The ambient noise signal sequences received by both are compared with one another with cross-correlation. A current situation is deemed safe if the cross-correlation is strong and a phase shift is small.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus to secure a system for passive unlocking of a vehicle system, particularly a vehicle unlocking system, against relay station attacks. The system comprises a vehicle-based device that can send on a first radio frequency and receive on a second radio frequency, and a driver-based device that can receive on the first radio frequency and send on the second radio frequency. The vehicle-based device and/or the driver-based device are also able to receive on a radio frequency that the other device can receive. One of the two devices send at least one ambient noise signal sequence to the other device. The ambient noise signal sequences received by both are compared with one another with cross-correlation. A current situation is deemed safe if the cross-correlation is strong and a phase shift is small.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for providing information about animals walking through an animal passage (I), the information comprising at least the number of animals walking through the animal passage, using a detection device having a sensor device connected to a processor for capturing animal data about animals walking through the animal passage, and an analysis device for recognizing animals in the data/signals captured by the sensor device for the purpose of outputting counter impulses when animals are detected in said signals, the sensor device being designed for producing 3D images, and the analysis device being designed for detecting animals in the 3D data of the 3D images and for counting the animals using said detection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milk collecting device and a method for operating a milk collecting device, comprising a milk collecting vessel with an inlet and a controllable outlet and a measuring device, said measuring device comprising a first electrode and a second electrode at a separation from the first electrode, a power supply electrically connected to both electrodes and a measuring device for recording an electrical parameter. The power supply is connected to two connection points on the first electrode at a separation from each other such as to be in parallel with relation to the first electrode and connected to the second electrode by the measuring device in order to determine a characteristic measure for the filling level of a liquid in the milk collecting vessel.

Abstract: The device for measuring the mass flow of a foaming fluid, in particular of milk during milking, comprises a housing having an inlet and an outlet, and a measuring device for determining the mass flow. The housing is structured such that mixing the foam portion with the liquid portion of the fluid can be achieved. To this end, the inlet runs substantially tangentially into the housing interior.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring the mass flow, in particular of a foaming liquid, comprising a measuring device with two electrodes and at least one electrical means for generation of an electrical parameter and an analytical device. The electrical means is connected to the first electrode at two remote points, such as to be wired in parallel with the first electrode. The second electrode is connected to the first electrode by means of the analytical device.

Abstract: A device and a method for removing teat cups from the teats of a lactating animal, having at least two traction members driven by a common drive for removing the teat cups; and at least one clutch is provided for coupling the traction member to the common drive.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for positioning milking cups on respective teats of a milk-yielding animal by; generating a 3D direct recording of at least one of the milking cups and at least one of the teats of the milk-yielding animal, determining a relative distance between the milking cup and the teat from the 3D direct recording using an image processing device, using a control device to process data about the relative distance determination and then calculate a drive movement for one or more actuators for moving the milking cup(s) and reducing the relative distance between a milking cup and a respective teat, carrying out the drive movement provided that an error does not occur, and making at least one 3D direct recording for being evaluated.

Abstract: Method and device for treatment of a milk-yielding animal (10), in particular for milking an animal, in which a positioning device (16) transfers a treatment device (17) from a base position (7) to a reach position (1-S) in which an operator takes hold of the treatment device and then brings it manually to at least one teat (13, 14) of the animal to be treated. A secure reach position (6) for the treatment device and at least one comfortable reach position (1-5) for the operator are provided from which the actual reach position is chosen as a function of a characteristic parameter for a hazard potential. After the derivation of the characteristic parameter and the selection of a reach position, the treatment device is then transferred from the base position to the selected reach position.

Abstract: In order to measure a milk flow, a device is proposed that has a channel that has an inlet and an outlet. At least two electrically conducting element are provided in the channel that are arranged at a distance from one another. At least one element has an essentially annular form. Furthermore, at least one element has an essentially pin-shaped form. With the aid of this design according to the invention of a device for the measurement of a milk stream, a relatively simple construction is achieved, which has a relatively high measuring accuracy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for providing information about animals walking through an animal passage (I), the information comprising at least the number of animals walking through the animal passage, using a detection device having a sensor device connected to a processor for capturing animal data about animals walking through the animal passage, and an analysis device for recognizing animals in the data/signals captured by the sensor device for the purpose of outputting counter impulses when animals are detected in said signals, the sensor device being designed for producing 3D images, and the analysis device being designed for detecting animals in the 3D data of the 3D images and for counting the animals using said detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for removing teat cups from the teats of a lactating animal. At least two traction means driven by a common drive for removing the teat cups are provided. Furthermore at least one clutch means is provided for coupling the traction means to the common drive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milk collecting device and a method for operating a milk collecting device, comprising a milk collecting vessel with an inlet and a controllable outlet and a measuring device, said measuring device comprising a first electrode and a second electrode at a separation from the first electrode, a power supply electrically connected to both electrodes and a measuring device for recording an electrical parameter. The power supply is connected to two connection points on the first electrode at a separation from each other such as to be in parallel with relation to the first electrode and connected to the second electrode by the measuring device in order to determine a characteristic measure for the filling level of a liquid in the milk collecting vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring the mass flow, in particular of a foaming liquid, comprising a measuring device with two electrodes and at least one electrical means for generation of an electrical parameter and an analytical device. The electrical means is connected to the first electrode at two remote points, such as to be wired in parallel with the first electrode. The second electrode is connected to the first electrode by means of the analytical device.

Abstract: The device for measuring the mass flow of a foaming fluid, in particular of milk during milking, comprises a housing having an inlet and an outlet, and a measuring device for determining the mass flow. The housing is structured such that mixing the foam portion with the liquid portion of the fluid can be achieved. To this end, the inlet runs substantially tangentially into the housing interior.

Abstract: In order to measure a milk flow, a device is proposed that has a channel that has an inlet and an outlet. At least two electrically conducting element are provided in the channel that are arranged at a distance from one another. At least one element has an essentially annular form. Furthermore, at least one element has an essentially pin-shaped form. With the aid of this design according to the invention of a device for the measurement of a milk stream, a relatively simple construction is achieved, which has a relatively high measuring accuracy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for milking an animal, in particular a cow, according to which a characteristic (KG) of the milking operation is first determined. Said characteristic (KG) is composed of at least one of the following variables: the actual value (IW) of the milk flow (MF), the temporal modification of said flow and/or the accumulated quantity of milk (MM). A threshold value (SK) for determining the end of a milking operation is determined in accordance with the characteristic(s) (KG). The end of the milking operation is predicted using the characteristic (KG) and the threshold value (SK). An evaluation variable (BG) of the milking operation is determined during said milking operation, whereby this/these evaluation variable(s) (BG) take(s) into account at least one of the following variables: the actual value (IW) of the milk flow (MF), the temporal modification of said flow and/or the accumulated quantity of milk (MM).