Abstract: An air purification system has an air inlet far and an air outlet, with a conduit between the air inlet and the air outlet. Disposed within the conduit in the direction of air flow, there is included at least one ionizer creating a first air ionisation zone within which, in use, aerosols and/or airborne particles in incoming air are ionised become charged. In the conduit there is further a charge reduction stage creating a first charge reduction zone that includes a charge reduction device located across a flow path of the airflow, terminating the air ionisation zone, such that the wherein as charged aerosols and/or particles pass therethrough, and in passing through the charge reduction stage the charged aerosols and/or particles are attracted to the charge reduction stage and on contact with the charge reduction stage become at least partially discharged.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the treatment of cutaneous lesions containing cells infected by a virus, as well as compositions for the treatment of such lesions. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of ingenol compounds, particularly ingenol angelates, in treating lesions caused by infection with a papilloma virus, such as a mammalian papilloma virus, in particular a Human Papilloma Virus.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical agents useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammatory conditions or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammalian animal including human and primate, non-mammalian animal and avian species. More particularly, the present invention provides a chemical agent of the macrocyclic diterpene family obtaining from a member of the Euphorbiaceae family of plants or botanical or horticultural relatives thereof or derivatives or chemical analogs or chemically synthetic forms of the agents for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of an inflammatory condition or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammal, animal or avian species.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the prophylatic field treatment of photodamaged skin with topical ingenol mebutate. More specifically, the present invention concerns field-directed treatment of UV-damaged skin with topical ingenol mebutate for reducing the number of skin lesions that emerge from the UV-damaged skin over time. In addition, the present invention concerns field-directed treatment for removing photodamaged skin, mutated keratinocytes, cutaneous immunosuppressive environments and/or p53+ patches caused by UV with topical ingenol mebutate. By way of example, the present invention is directed to treating photodamaged skin with topical ingenol mebutate at about 0.05% concentration. The present invention is also concerned with the treatment of SCC tumors with topical ingenol mebutate for reducing the number of SCC tumors. By example, the present invention is directed to treating and curing SCC xenografts with topical ingenol mebutate at about 0.25% concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of cancer including tumor therapy. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of solid cancers, including solid tumors, and the prevention or reduction of cancer metastasis, by chemoablation of cancer cells by an agent which also stimulates the generation of cancer-specific T-cells, a process referred to herein as immunostimulatory chemoablation. The present invention further contemplates combination therapy comprising immunostimulatory chemoablation and one or more other therapeutic regimens, which enhance, co-operate and/or synergize with the cancer-specific T-cells induced by the chemoablation. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating cancers.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an immunogenic complex comprising a charged organic carrier and a charged antigen and, more particularly, a negatively charged organic carrier and a positively charged antigen. The complexes of the present invention are useful, inter alia, as therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents for facilitating the induction of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to an antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of cancer including tumor therapy. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of solid cancers, including solid tumors, and the prevention or reduction of cancer metastasis, by chemoablation of cancer cells by an agent which also stimulates the generation of cancer-specific T-cells, a process referred to herein as immunostimulatory chemoablation. The present invention further contemplates combination therapy comprising immunostimulatory chemoablation and one or more other therapeutic regimens, which enhance, co-operate and/or synergize with the cancer-specific T-cells induced by the chemoablation. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating cancers.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical agents useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammatory conditions or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammalian animal including human and primate, non-mammalian animal and avian species. More particularly, the present invention provides a chemical agent of the macrocyclic diterpene family obtaining from a member of the Euphorbiaceae family of plants or botanical or horticultural relatives thereof or derivatives or chemical analogues or chemically synthetic forms of the agents for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of an inflammatory condition or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammal, animal or avian species.

Abstract: Methods of use of Chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) are provided for regulating Toll-like receptor signaling and/or Toll-like receptor inducible immunomodulator secretion. Cpn10 negatively regulates Toll-like receptor agonist-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, examples being IL-6 and RANTES, respectively. Cpn10 positively regulates Toll-like receptor agonist-induced anti-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, an example being IL-10. These immunoregulatory activities of Cpn10 may be useful in the treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions resulting from excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion. This invention also relates to producing, designing and/or screening Cpn10 agonists and antagonists according to their ability to regulate Toll-like receptor signaling and/or Toll-like receptor inducible immunomodulator secretion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of acne vulgaris in a subject by administering to the subject an ingenane of the formula wherein R24-R26 are herein defined.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an immunogenic complex comprising a charged organic carrier and a charged antigen and, more particularly, a negatively charged organic carrier and a positively charged antigen. The complexes of the present invention are useful, inter alia, as therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents for facilitating the induction of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to an antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the treatment of cutaneous lesions containing cells infected by a virus, as well as compositions for the treatment of such lesions. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of ingenol compounds, particularly ingenol angelates, in treating lesions caused by infection with a papilloma virus, such as a mammalian papilloma virus, in particular a Human Papilloma Virus.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical agents useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammatory conditions or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammalian animal including human and primate, non-mammalian animal and avian species. More particularly, the present invention provides a chemical agent of the macrocyclic diterpene family obtaining from a member of the Euphorbiaceae family of plants or botanical or horticultural relatives thereof or derivatives or chemical analogues or chemically synthetic forms of the agents for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of an inflammatory condition or in the amelioration of symptoms resulting from or facilitated by an inflammatory condition in a mammal, animal or avian species.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an immunogenic complex comprising a charged organic carrier and a charged antigen and, more particularly, a negatively charged organic carrier and a positively charged antigen. The complexes of the present invention are useful, inter alia, as therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents for facilitating the induction of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to an antigen.

Abstract: Methods of use of Chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) are provided for regulating Toll-like receptor signaling and/or Toll-like receptor inducible immunomodulator secretion. Cpn10 negatively regulates Toll-like receptor agonist-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, examples being IL-6 and RANTES, respectively. Cpn10 positively regulates Toll-like receptor agonist-induced anti-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, an example being IL-10. These immunoregulatory activities of Cpn10 may be useful in the treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions resulting from excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion. This invention also relates to producing, designing and/or screening Cpn10 agonists and antagonists according to their ability to regulate Toll-like receptor signaling and/or Toll-like receptor inducible immunomodulator secretion.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical agents useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of infection by pathogenic or potentially pathogenic entities, or entities capable of opportunistic infection in mammals, including humans and primates, non-mammalian animals and avian species. More particularly, the present invention provides a chemical agent of the macrocyclic diterpene family obtainable from a member of the Euphorbiaceae family of plants or botanical or horticultural relatives thereof or derivatives or chemical analogues or chemically synthetic forms of the agents for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of infection by pathogenic entities in mammalian, animal and avian subjects.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of cancer including tumor therapy. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of solid cancers, including solid tumors, and the prevention or reduction of cancer metastasis, by chemoablation of cancer cells by an agent which also stimulates the generation of cancer-specific T-cells, a process referred to herein as immunostimulatory chemoablation. The present invention further contemplates combination therapy comprising immunostimulatory chemoablation and one or more other therapeutic regimens, which enhance, co-operate and/or synergize with the cancer-specific T-cells induced by the chemoablation. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating cancers.

Abstract: A flaviviral replicon-based construct is provided for delivery and expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor to facilitate tumour therapy. In particular, the replicon construct encodes a Kunjin virus replicon having one or more mutations in an NS2A non-structural protein that induce enhanced levels of cellular IFN that synergize with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor delivered according to the invention. The construct may be administered intra-tumourally or peri-tumourally to an animal as DNA, RNA or packaged into a VLP, for the therapeutic and/or prophylactic treatment of tumours and cancers such as melanoma, lung carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, lung epithelial carcinoma, prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal carcinoma, colon cancer, epithelial cancers and mesothelioma.

Abstract: H-2 class I negative, HLA-A2.1 transgenic HHD mice were used for a comparative evaluation of the immunogenicity of HLA-A2.1 restricted human tumor-associated CTL epitopes. A hierarchy was established among these epitopic peptides injected into mice in IFA which correlates globally with their capacity to bind and stabilize HLA-A2.1 molecules. Co-injection of a helper peptide enhanced most CTL responses. In contrast, classical HLA class I transgenic mice which still express their own class I molecules did not, in most cases, develop H.A.-A2.1-restricted CTL responses under the same experimental conditions. Different monoepitopic immunization strategies of acceptable clinical usage were compared in HHD mice. Recombinant Ty-virus-like particles, or DNA encoding epitopes fused to the hepatitis B virus middle envelope protein gave the best results. Using this latter approach and a melanoma-based polyepitope construct, CTL responses against five distinct epitopes could be elicited simultaneously in a single animal.

Abstract: H-2 class I negative, HLA-A2.1 transgeniic HHD mice were used for a comparative evaluation of the immunogenicity of HLA-A2.1 restricted human tumor-associated CTL epitopes. A hierarchy was established among these epitopic peptides injected into mice in IFA which correlates globally with their capacity to bind and stabilize HLA-A2.1 molecules. Co-injection of a helper peptide enhanced most CTL responses. In contrast, classical HLA class I transgenic mice which still express their own class I molecules did not, in most cases, develop H.A.-A2.1-restricted CTL responses under the same experimental conditions. Different monoepitopic immunization strategies of acceptable clinical usage were compared in HHD mice. Recombinant Ty-virus-like particles, or DNA encoding epitopes fused to the hepatitis B virus middle envelope protein gave the best results. Using this latter approach and a melanoma-based polyepitope construct, CTL responses against five distinct epitopes could be elicited simultaneously in a single animal.