Abstract: Accumulated dimensional variations in fuel cells and electrolysis cell assemblies can reduce the efficiency of the assembly and provide leakage paths for fuel and oxidant. An elastomeric compression pad comprised of an oil adsorbent sheet surrounding an elastomeric material with expansion pathways and electrical pathways, that utilize a conductive powder and elastomeric binder compensates for component dimensional variations, improves inter-cell conductivity, and allows high pressure operation up to about 3,000 psig.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell electrode plate includes a laminar and preferably laminated assembly of at least two substantially identically configured plate-shaped components of an electrically conductive high-strength material, each including a fluid-pervious central portion and a solid frame portion integral with and surrounding the central portion. At least one through aperture is provided in the frame portion and forms a continuous fluid-flow conduit with the corresponding aperture of the other component. The frame portion of each of the components has at least one channel therein that is situated between the aperture and the central portion and opens onto the first major surface. The channels of the two components may be constituted by interrupted rows of mutually staggered slots that complement each other into a continuous passage that establishes communication between the aperture and at least one of the spaces of the central portion of one of the components.

Abstract: Due to the limited structural integrity of the ion exchange membrane, operation at pressure gradients exceeding about 200 psi can cause electrolyzer failure due to the ion exchange membrane being physically forced into the holes of the screen set forming the chamber on the lower pressure side of the ion exchange membrane. Utilizing a porous sheet between the anode electrode and the screen set provides additional structural integrity to the ion exchange membrane and allows simultaneous dual-directional flow of water to the anode electrode while oxygen flows from the anode electrode, thereby allowing high pressure gradient operation.

Abstract: A fuel cell pack comprising a plurality of fuel cells and means internal of said pack for holding the cells together.