Abstract: A process comprising reacting a mono- or di-carboxylic acid and/or acid anhydride with a glycol ether in the presence of phosphoric acid to produce a glycol ether ester product having low color and low VOC content.

Abstract: A process comprising reacting a mono- or di-carboxylic acid and/or acid anhydride with a glycol ether in the presence of phosphoric acid to produce a glycol ether ester product having low color and low VOC content.

Abstract: A process for the production of 2-butoxyethyl benzoate from benzoic acid and 2-butoxy ethanol wherein at least a portion of the crude reaction product is fed to a distillation column comprising a dividing wall or a pasteurizing section.

Abstract: A process for the production of 2-butoxyethyl benzoate from benzoic acid and 2-butoxy ethanol wherein at least a portion of the crude reaction product is fed to a distillation column comprising a dividing wall or a pasteurizing section.

Abstract: The present invention a process and apparatus for the production of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) isomer mixtures with a low 2,2?-MDI isomer content and a high 2,4?-MDI isomer content. The resulting mixtures have an increased reactivity and are acceptable in food grade application due to the reduction in primary aromatic amines formed during the curing process. The process and apparatus also include controlling the amount of 4,4?-MDI, which is the most reactive isomer in the mixture allowing use in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: The present invention includes a process and apparatus for the production of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) isomer mixtures with a low 2,2?-MDI isomer content and a high 2,4?-MDI isomer content. The resulting mixtures have an increased reactivity and are acceptable in food grade application due to the reduction in primary aromatic amines formed during the curing process. The process and apparatus also include controlling the amount of 4,4?-MDI, which is the most reactive isomer in the mixture allowing use in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. The mixture is stripped to recover dichlorohydrin(s) while distilling or fractionating the mixture to separate a lower boiling fraction comprising dichlorohydrin(s) from the mixture in one step. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and/or methods for fractionating a feed mixture comprising, for example, one or more isocyanates, light components, solvents and/or heavier components. In some embodiments, fractionating an isocyanate feed mixture may comprise distilling the feed mixture in a non-adiabatic fractionating apparatus comprising a prefractionating section and/or column and a main section and/or column, which comprises a rectification section, a side section, and a stripping section. For example, isocyanates may be separated from light component(s), solvent(s) and/or heavier component(s). A fractionating apparatus may be configured and arranged, in some embodiments, as a dividing wall column. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, apparatus, systems, and/or methods may be energy efficient and/or may have a broad operating range.

Abstract: The present invention includes a process and apparatus for the production of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) isomer mixtures with a low 2,2?-MDI isomer content and a high 2,4?-MDI isomer content. The resulting mixtures have an increased reactivity and are acceptable in food grade application due to the reduction in primary aromatic amines formed during the curing process. The process and apparatus also include controlling the amount of 4,4?-MDI, which is the most reactive isomer in the mixture allowing use in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. The mixture is distilled or fractionated to separate a lower boiling fraction comprising dichlorohydrin(s) from the mixture to form a higher boiling fraction comprising the residue of the distillation or fractionation. The higher boiling fraction is stripped to recover remaining dichlorohydrins. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, water, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. A liquid aqueous phase is recycled to the distillation column while distilling or fractionating the mixture to separate dichlorohydrin(s) and water from the mixture. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: The present invention a process and apparatus for the production of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) isomer mixtures with a low 2,2?-MDI isomer content and a high 2,4?-MDI isomer content. The resulting mixtures have an increased reactivity and are acceptable in food grade application due to the reduction in primary aromatic amines formed during the curing process. The process and apparatus also include controlling the amount of 4,4?-MDI, which is the most reactive isomer in the mixture allowing use in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. The mixture is stripped to recover dichlorohydrin(s) while distilling or fractionating the mixture to separate a lower boiling fraction comprising dichlorohydrin(s) from the mixture in one step. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and/or methods for fractionating a feed mixture comprising, for example, one or more isocyanates, light components, solvents and/or heavier components. In some embodiments, fractionating an isocyanate feed mixture may comprise distilling the feed mixture in a non-adiabatic fractionating apparatus comprising a prefractionating section and/or column and a main section and/or column, which comprises a rectification section, a side section, and a stripping section. For example, isocyanates may be separated from light component(s), solvent(s) and/or heavier component(s). A fractionating apparatus may be configured and arranged, in some embodiments, as a dividing wall column. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, apparatus, systems, and/or methods may be energy efficient and/or may have a broad operating range.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and/or methods for fractionating a feed mixture comprising, for example, one or more isocyanates, light components, solvents and/or heavier components. In some embodiments, fractionating an isocyanate feed mixture may comprise distilling the feed mixture in a non-adiabatic fractionating apparatus comprising a prefractionating section and/or column and a main section and/or column, which comprises a rectification section, a side section, and a stripping section. For example, isocyanates may be separated from light component(s), solvent(s) and/or heavier component(s). A fractionating apparatus may be configured and arranged, in some embodiments, as a dividing wall column. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, apparatus, systems, and/or methods may be energy efficient and/or may have a broad operating range.

Abstract: A process for converting multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compound(s) and/or ester(s) thereof to chlorohydrins and/or esters thereof is disclosed in which one or more of multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compound(s) and/or ester(s) thereof and/or monochlorohydrin(s) and/or ester(s) thereof with at least one chlorinating feed stream comprising at least one chlorinating agent and at least one impurity having a boiling point below the boiling point of the chlorohydrin product having the lowest boiling under hydrochlorination conditions, optionally in the presence of water, one or more catalyst(s), and/or one or more heavy byproduct(s) in a reaction vessel under hydrochlorination conditions, wherein the liquid-phase reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature below the boiling point of the chlorohydrin product having the lowest boiling point under hydrochlorination conditions and greater than the boiling point(s) of the at least one impurity and a vapor phase vent stream comprising the at least o

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. The mixture is distilled or fractionated to separate a lower boiling fraction comprising dichlorohydrin(s) from the mixture to form a higher boiling fraction comprising the residue of the distillation or fractionation. The higher boiling fraction is stripped to recover remaining dichlorohydrins. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. The mixture is stripped to recover dichlorohydrin(s) while distilling or fractionating the mixture to separate a lower boiling fraction comprising dichlorohydrin(s) from the mixture in one step. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, water, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts is disclosed. A liquid aqueous phase is recycled to the distillation column while distilling or fractionating the mixture to separate dichlorohydrin(s) and water from the mixture. Advantages include more efficient recovery of dichlorohydrins for a given distillation column, less waste due to avoiding the conditions conducive to the formation of heavy byproducts, and reduced capital investment in recovery equipment.