Abstract: A method of cooling a process stream with an auxiliary stream is described, wherein the exchange of heat between the process stream and the auxiliary stream is effected in a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger connected downstream thereof.

Abstract: A method for controlling speeds of compressors arranged in series for compressing a fluid. The desired inlet pressure is predefined and the actual inlet pressure is detected. The actual discharge pressure of the fluid is recorded and the actual total pressure ratio is recorded. A proportional integral value is determined from the deviation of the actual inlet pressure from the desired inlet pressure and a capacity factor is determined from the proportional integral value and the actual total pressure ratio. A model total pressure ratio is determined from the actual total pressure ratio and the capacity factor. A reduced desired speed for each compressor is determined as a function value of the control function associated with the respective compressor. The control function assigns a reduced desired speed to each value pair of capacity factor and model total pressure ratio and is used to adjust the speed of each compressor.

Abstract: A method of cooling a process stream with an auxiliary stream is described, wherein the exchange of heat between the process stream and the auxiliary stream is effected in a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger connected downstream thereof.

Abstract: A method for controlling speeds of compressors arranged in series for compressing a fluid. The desired inlet pressure is predefined and the actual inlet pressure is detected. The actual discharge pressure of the fluid is recorded and the actual total pressure ratio is recorded. A proportional integral value is determined from the deviation of the actual inlet pressure from the desired inlet pressure and a capacity factor is determined from the proportional integral value and the actual total pressure ratio. A model total pressure ratio is determined from the actual total pressure ratio and the capacity factor. A reduced desired speed for each compressor is determined as a function value of the control function associated with the respective compressor. The control function assigns a reduced desired speed to each value pair of capacity factor and model total pressure ratio and is used to adjust the speed of each compressor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling system for cooling a refrigeration consumer (K) that has a single-stage or multi-stage compressor to compress refrigerant circulating in the cooling system, at least one heat exchanger to cool the refrigerant, and at least one expansion turbine to expand the refrigerant in a way that gives off cold. A storage device that serves to store liquid refrigerant is assigned to the cooling system, or a storage device is integrated into the cooling system, in such a way that at least temporarily, liquid refrigerant can be fed into the cooling circuit from the storage device.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for cooling at least one super-conducting magnet. According to the invention, the cooling of the super-conducting magnet(s) takes place exclusively by means of one or more helium flows which are at at least two temperature levels.

Abstract: A process for cooling a storage container, in particular a mobile storage container for a cryogenic medium, is described. According to the invention, the following process steps and features are provided: a) Direct or indirect connection of the storage container (S) that is to be cooled to a refrigeration circuit (2-8, V, T, a, a?), b) Whereby a cold medium, which is identical to or different from the medium that is to be stored in the storage container that is to be cooled, circulates in the refrigeration circuit, c) Whereby the cold medium is compressed (V), cooled (E), and expanded (T) to produce cold, and d) At least a partial stream of the cold medium (5, 7) is used for the cooling of the storage container (S) that is to be cooled.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for cooling at least one super-conducting magnet. According to the invention, the cooling of the super-conducting magnet(s) takes place exclusively by means of one or more helium flows which are at at least two temperature levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for liquefying hydrogen. To reduce the specific energy consumption, the following process steps are used: a) the precooling of the hydrogen stream by indirect heat exchange against a pressurized LNG stream to a temperature of between 140 and 130 K, b) the precooling of the hydrogen stream by indirect heat exchange against a coolant to a temperature of between 85 and 75 K, c) where the precooling of the coolant takes place against a pressurized LNG stream, and d) the cooling and at least partial liquefaction of the precooled hydrogen stream takes place by indirect heat exchange against another hydrogen stream channeled through a closed cooling circuit, e) where the precooling of the condensed hydrogen stream, which is channeled through a closed cooling circuit, takes place against a pressurized LNG stream.

Abstract: A process for cooling a storage container, in particular a mobile storage container for a cryogenic medium, is described. According to the invention, the following process steps and features are provided: a) Direct or indirect connection of the storage container (S) that is to be cooled to a refrigeration circuit (2-8, V, T, a, a?), b) Whereby a cold medium, which is identical to or different from the medium that is to be stored in the storage container that is to be cooled, circulates in the refrigeration circuit, c) Whereby the cold medium is compressed (V), cooled (E), and expanded (T) to produce cold, and d) At least a partial stream of the cold medium (5, 7) is used for the cooling of the storage container (S) that is to be cooled.

Abstract: The apparatus for liquefying helium gas comprises a pre-cooling stage and a cooling stage in which the high pressure gas from the pre-cooling stage is divided into at least two sub-flows. One sub-flow is expanded with the performance of work to a first intermediate pressure while a second sub-flow passes through a heat exchanger and is then expanded with the performance of work to a second intermediate pressure. The sub-flows may thereafter be separately passed through a further heat exchanger or combined for simultaneous passage through the heat exchanger prior to being further expanded and cooled in a throttle valve or turbine. The partially liquefied flows are then delivered to a tank from which the low-temperature return flow can be passed back through the cooling stage to the pre-cooling stage for re-cycling.

Abstract: The apparatus for preparing liquid para-hydrogen from normal hydrogen has a reservoir for the liquid para-hydrogen. A gas space of the reservoir communicates via a line with the suction side of an ejector. The ejector extracts the para-hydrogen vapor evolved by heating and returns it to the reservoir in the form of liquid para-hydrogen.