Abstract: A liquid dispenser having an outlet for dispensing liquid, mixing means for mixing liquid and gas, liquid supply means, and gas supply means, the outlet, mixing means, liquid supply means and/or gas supply means are so arranged that in a first condition liquid and gas may be supplied by the liquid supply means and gas supply means respectively through the mixing means to the outlet thereby dispensing foamed liquid from the outlet, or in a second condition liquid may be supplied to the outlet, thereby dispensing unfoamed liquid from the outlet.

Abstract: A shower arrangement (10) includes a mixer valve assembly (110) and conduit means (120) for the supply of water to the assembly (110). The conduit means (120) includes a conduit casing (2) defining an interior (122), a hot water pipe (3) defining a passage (103) for hot water and a cold water pipe (4) defining a passage (104) for cold water, the hot and cold water pipes (3, 4) being located in the interior (122).

Abstract: A shower arrangement (10) includes a mixer valve assembly (110) and conduit means (120) for the supply of water to the assembly (110). The conduit means (120) includes a conduit casing (2) defining an interior (122), a hot water pipe (3) defining a passage (103) for hot water and a cold water pipe (4) defining a passage (104) for cold water, the hot and cold water pipes (3, 4) being located in the interior (122).

Abstract: Cylinder head apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and piston including a rotating shaft having a recess causing periodic communication between the cylinder and intake and exhaust passages. In other embodiments, two shafts are used, and hollow shafts with apertures are used.

Abstract: An error monitor for indicating the quality of communications on a digital communication channel. One or more error detection mechanisms provide indication when an error occurs. After receipt of an error indication, no further indications are detected until a burst error time window has passed. Error indications are stored in a bin. When time since an error indication has been received exceeds a second time period, the event is removed from the bin. When all slots in the bin contain error indications, an indication of the quality of communications on the channel is provided. Parameters can vary with the strength of the received signal to accommodate long range conditions.