Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated glazing comprising first and second plies of glazing material, a carrier film arranged between the first and second plies of glazing material carrying an electrically conductive coating, a busbar arranged in contact with the electrically conductive coating. An edge of the carrier film is spaced inwardly from an edge of the glazing. The busbar and the carrier film are arranged to define an anchor portion suitable for anchoring the carrier film, the anchor portion comprising a region of the carrier film extending outwardly from an edge of the busbar. The anchor portion anchors the film to avoid the formation of wrinkles in the carrier film. Avoidance of wrinkles results in more uniform heating and elimination of hotspots.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heatable glazing comprising an electrically conductive coating and a data transmission window. The data transmission window comprises a plurality of grids made by ablations in the electrically conductive coating and at least one break line between adjacent grids. At least one of a width “a” of the grids and a distance “b” between adjacent grids is selected to maximise transmission of a predetermined frequency of electromagnetic radiation and to reduce the formation of hot spots. Preferred embodiments conform to a standard size of an ERTICO window and a frequency range from 5 GHz to 6 GHz.

Abstract: An improved process for fabrication of laminated glazings incorporating conductors such as heating elements is described. During assembly of the glazing, a solution comprising the same polymer material as the interlayer is applied to the conductors and allowed to dry prior to fitting a glazing sheet on top. This gives rise to a thin coating of polymer around the conductors and subsequent heat treatment causes the this coating and the main polymer interlayer to soften and fuse. The resulting structure shows improved encapsulation of the conductors (wires and busbars) with greater resistance to water ingress at the edge of the glazing.

Abstract: A heatable glazing is disclosed in which electrical heating elements such as fine wires are connected to a busbar. The resistance of the busbar is chosen such that, at the supply voltage of the installation, the busbar provides heating of a portion of the glazing in which it is located.

Abstract: An electrically heated window comprising at least two plies of a glazing material; at least one ply of an interlayer material; a grid of at least one electrically conductive pathway attached to a film; and an electrical connector for supplying current to the grid in order to heat the window; wherein the at least one ply of an interlayer material, the grid and the film are laminated between the at least two plies of a glazing material.

Abstract: An improved process for fabrication of laminated glazings incorporating conductors such as heating elements is described. During assembly of the glazing, a solution comprising the same polymer material as the interlayer is applied to the conductors and allowed to dry prior to fitting a glazing sheet on top. This gives rise to a thin coating of polymer around the conductors and subsequent heat treatment causes the this coating and the main polymer interlayer to soften and fuse. The resulting structure shows improved encapsulation of the conductors (wires and busbars) with greater resistance to water ingress at the edge of the glazing.

Abstract: A heatable glazing is disclosed in which electrical heating elements such as fine wires are connected to a busbar.

Abstract: An electrically heated window comprising at least two plies of a glazing material; at least one ply of an interlayer material; a grid of at least one electrically conductive pathway attached to a film; and an electrical connector for supplying current to the grid in order to heat the window; wherein the at least one ply of an interlayer material, the grid and the film are laminated between the at least two plies of a glazing material.

Abstract: The invention discloses an electrically heated window having minimised hot spots. The window comprises at least two plies of a glazing material having a ply of an interlayer material laminated therebetween. An array of heating wires is carried by one of the plies, the heating wires extending between a first electrical connection means and a second electrical connection means for supplying current through the wires, the first and second electrical connection means being substantially parallel to each other. The first electrical connection means is shaped so as to define a wire-free area to allow a data signal to be transmitted through the window to a device positioned in the vicinity of the wire-free area. The second electrical connection means is shaped to correspond to the first electrical connection means, such that the heating wires in the array have a substantially constant length.

Abstract: A fluid measuring device that displays fluid volume usage against fluid volume limits and a fluid control device that stops fluid delivery when the fluid volume limit is reached.

Abstract: A fluid measuring device that displays fluid volume usage against fluid volume limits and a fluid control device that stops fluid delivery when the fluid volume limit is reached.

Abstract: A method of making an electrically heated window from at least two plies of transparent glazing material, at least one ply of interlayer material and an electrically resistant heating area device extending over one of the plies includes laying at least one length of busbar strip on one of the plies to form part of a busbar, positioning a separate corner piece of busbar strip adjacent the length of busbar strip to form a corner of the busbar, and electrically connecting the corner piece and the length of busbar strip to one another. An electrical connection device is arranged to extend from the electrically resistant area heating device past the peripheral edge of the window to terminate outside the window. The plies of glazing material are then laminated together with the ply of interlayer material and the electrically resistant area heating device extending between them.

Abstract: A window is provided which includes an array of fine, closely spaced wires through which electric current is passed to heat the window. Such windows are useful as vehicle windows, e.g. windscreens, because the heating disperses ice or condensation on the surface of the window, thereby improving visibility. According to the invention, at least some of the wires extend along diverging lines, so that the heated area extends over substantially the whole of the transparent portion of the window. It is also described how to achieve a sufficiently uniform heating effect over the extended heated area. A method of manufacturing such windows, and an apparatus for forming such arrays of wires, are also provided.

Abstract: A busbar supplies current to an electrically resistant area heating device, such as an array of fine closely-spaced wires, which extends over a window, e.g. a laminated vehicle windscreen. The busbar is arranged to turn a corner, e.g. a corner of the window, by providing a separate corner piece of busbar strip which is electrically connected to adjacent lengths of straight busbar strip. This facilitates concealment of the busbar, as is desirable for vehicle windscreens, especially when the corner piece is shaped to suit the corner of the window. Electrical connection of the corner piece to the adjacent lengths of busbar strip is achieved by use of a solder of low melting point, which melts on autoclaving of the window.