Abstract: Aspects of a method for stabilizing geotechnical environments involves the use of a substantially planar geogrid featuring primary and secondary nodes, non-continuous ribs terminating at secondary nodes, continuous ribs intersecting at primary nodes, and a compressible cellular layer. The method includes trapping varied aggregate within confinement elements formed by the nodes and ribs, and compressing the aggregate against the compressible cellular layer. This compression embeds the aggregate into the cellular layer, effectively locking it in place and enhancing the stability of the geotechnical environment. The design of the geogrid and the interaction between the aggregate and the compressible layer provide improved load distribution and resistance to environmental stresses and trafficking.

Abstract: An expanded multilayer integral geogrid includes a plurality of oriented strands interconnected by partially oriented junctions having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one inner layer thereof having a structure that is expanded relative to at least one other layer of the multiple layers. By virtue of the expanded inner layer structure, the expanded multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the expanded multilayer integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement, and economic benefits compared to a like integral geogrid without an expanded inner layer structure.

Abstract: A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

Abstract: A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

Abstract: An expanded multilayer integral geogrid includes a plurality of oriented strands interconnected by partially oriented junctions having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one inner layer thereof having a structure that is expanded relative to at least one other layer of the multiple layers. By virtue of the expanded inner layer structure, the expanded multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the expanded multilayer integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement, and economic benefits compared to a like integral geogrid without an expanded inner layer structure.

Abstract: Aspects of a geogrid system and method for improving substrate interactions within a geotechnical environment is disclosed. In one aspect a geotechnical environment is configured with a horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid. In said aspect the geogrid is extruded with a polymeric material and a compressible cellular layer, wherein the geogrid comprises a heightened aspect ratio with a patterned structure of engineered discontinuities and a plurality of strong axes. The combination of elements provides for a system and method of stabilizing soils and aggregate, by resisting lateral movement from the strong axes, and trapping particles in the patterned structure of engineered discontinuities.

Abstract: A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semi-rigid pavement comprising: an upper course comprising upper course aggregate and a hydrocarbon binder; a support layer comprising chemically-stabilised aggregate, the support layer located below the upper course; and a subgrade, the subgrade located below the support layer; wherein a geosynthetic is at least partially embedded in the chemically-stabilised aggregate that comprises the support layer.

Abstract: A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.

Abstract: A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry configured to engage with, confine and stabilize a large variety and quality of aggregates.

Abstract: An engineering construction comprising an integral multiaxial polymer geogrid at least partially embedded in a bound aggregate layer, wherein a geotextile is affixed to the geogrid, methods for producing such constructions, the constructions having improved fatigue life or reduced depth, and the use of multiaxial polymer geogrids to improve the fatigue life and/or reduce the depth of an engineering construction.

Abstract: A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

Abstract: A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

Abstract: A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.

Abstract: A method of making a multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes providing a polymer sheet, providing a patterned plurality of holes or depressions in the polymer sheet, and biaxially orienting the polymer sheet having the patterned plurality of holes or depressions therein to provide a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of the outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands, thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands extending continuously throughout the geogrid and forming triangular openings.

Abstract: An expanded multilayer integral geogrid includes a plurality of oriented strands interconnected by partially oriented junctions having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one inner layer thereof having a structure that is expanded relative to at least one other layer of the multiple layers. By virtue of the expanded inner layer structure, the expanded multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the expanded multilayer integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement, and economic benefits compared to a like integral geogrid without an expanded inner layer structure.

Abstract: Aspects of a geogrid system and method for improving substrate interactions within a geotechnical environment is disclosed. In one aspect a geotechnical environment is configured with a horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid. In said aspect the geogrid is extruded with a polymeric material and a compressible cellular layer, wherein the geogrid comprises a heightened aspect ratio with a patterned structure of engineered discontinuities and a plurality of strong axes. The combination of elements provides for a system and method of stabilizing soils and aggregate, by resisting lateral movement from the strong axes, and trapping particles in the patterned structure of engineered discontinuities.

Abstract: A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.

Abstract: Aspects of a geogrid system and method for improving substrate interactions within a geotechnical environment is disclosed. In one aspect a geotechnical environment is configured with a horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid. In said aspect the geogrid is extruded with a polymeric material and a compressible cellular layer, wherein the geogrid comprises a heightened aspect ratio with a patterned structure of engineered discontinuities and a plurality of strong axes. The combination of elements provides for a system and method of stabilizing soils and aggregate, by resisting lateral movement from the strong axes, and trapping particles in the patterned structure of engineered discontinuities.

Abstract: A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.