Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: Devices and methods are described for disinfection of pathogenic organisms using pulsed DC field electroporation. For example, this disclosure describes disinfection of pathogenic organisms using pulsed DC field electroporation for lung infection treatment, blood infection treatment, sterilization, and respirators.

Abstract: This document provides antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) short, and more particularly to humanized TRAILshort antibodies that can neutralize TRAILshort. For example, materials and methods for using one or more humanized TRAILshort antibodies to induce apoptosis (e.g., via TRAIL mediated cell death, natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, and/or CD8+ T cell killing) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) short, and more particularly to humanized TRAILshort antibodies that can neutralize TRAILshort. For example, materials and methods for using one or more humanized TRAILshort antibodies to induce apoptosis (e.g., via TRAIL mediated cell death, natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, and/or CD8+ T cell killing) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for treating HIV infections. For example, methods and materials for using one or more proteosome inhibitors in combination with one or more other agents to treat HIV infections are provided.

Abstract: This document provides antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) short, and more particularly to humanized TRAILshort antibodies that can neutralize TRAILshort. For example, materials and methods for using one or more humanized TRAILshort antibodies to induce apoptosis (e.g., via TRAIL mediated cell death, natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, and/or CD8+ T cell killing) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for treating HIV infections. For example, methods and materials for using one or more proteosome inhibitors in combination with one or more other agents to treat HIV infections are provided.

Abstract: This document provides to methods and materials related to apoptosis. For example, methods and materials for modulating apoptosis are provided. In addition, methods and materials for treating a mammal having an apoptosis-associated condition are provided.

Abstract: This document provides to methods and materials related to apoptosis. For example, methods and materials for modulating apoptosis are provided. In addition, methods and materials for treating a mammal having an apoptosis-associated condition are provided.

Abstract: A method of increasing thymic output in an HIV-negative patient, comprising the steps of (a) identifying a HIV-negative patient who is in need of increased thymic output and (b) supplying an effective amount of antiretroviral agent to the patient such that the patient has an increase in naïve T-cells.

Abstract: This document provides to methods and materials related to apoptosis. For example, methods and materials for modulating apoptosis are provided. In addition, methods and materials for treating a mammal having an apoptosis-associated condition are provided.

Abstract: This document provides to methods and materials related to apoptosis. For example, methods and materials for modulating apoptosis are provided. In addition, methods and materials for treating a mammal having an apoptosis-associated condition are provided.

Abstract: This document relates to methods and materials involved in detecting, monitoring, and prognosing immunodeficiency virus infections. For example, methods and materials for determining whether or not a mammal (e.g., a human) has an immunodeficiency virus infection (e.g., an HIV infection), methods and materials for determining whether or not a mammal with an immunodeficiency virus infection is improving, and methods and materials for determining whether or not a mammal with an immunodeficiency virus infection has an advanced immunodeficiency virus infection are provided.