Patents by Inventor Andrew D. Malec

Andrew D. Malec has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Publication number: 20150376118
    Abstract: Fatty amide compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The fatty amides comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a primary or secondary amine. Derivatives made by reducing, quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and sulfitating the fatty amide are also included. The amine reactant can be diethylenetriamine or (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine, which provide imidazoline amides or esters, respectively. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The compositions are valuable for cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care, antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 8, 2015
    Publication date: December 31, 2015
    Inventors: Dave R Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Brian Holland, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A Masters, Dennis S Murphy, Irene Shapiro, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R Terry, Gregory Wallace, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe, Lena Titievsky
  • Publication number: 20150361292
    Abstract: A film may be formed from film forming compositions which comprise at least one carboxamide based coalescing solvent. These coalescing solvents impart equivalent or improved wet-scrub resistance, block resistance, gloss, dirt pick-up resistance and leveling characteristics to the films on a substrate, without contributing to total VOC levels, when replacing conventional coalescing solvents. The present invention also includes a method for forming a film comprising applying a film forming composition comprising polyunsaturated reactive carboxamides to a substrate and curing the film under ambient conditions. The coalescing carboxamide solvents are suitable for paint, latex based caulk, adhesives and floor care applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 24, 2015
    Publication date: December 17, 2015
    Inventors: Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Michael R. Terry, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Patent number: 9193936
    Abstract: Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amines, wherein the fatty amine is made by reducing the amide reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and a secondary amine, are disclosed. Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amidoamines, wherein the amidoamine is made by reacting of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine, are also disclosed. The quaternized compositions are advantageously sulfonated or sulfated. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: November 24, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Andrew D. Malec, Teresa Manuel, Ronald A. Masters, Lawrence A. Munie, Dennis S. Murphy, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Jeremy Aaron Weitgenant, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Patent number: 9187711
    Abstract: Esteramine compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The esteramines comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a tertiary alkanolamine. Derivatives made by quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and/or sulfating the esteramines are also disclosed. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The esteramines and derivatives are valuable for a wide variety of end uses, including cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care (liquid cleansing products, conditioning bars, oral care products), antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: November 17, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Anatoliy A. Damashek, Brian Holland, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Marshall J. Nepras, Patti Skelton, Laura Lee Whitlock, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Patent number: 9187712
    Abstract: Alkoxylated fatty ester compositions are disclosed. In one aspect, the compositions comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of an insertion catalyst to give an alkoxylated fatty ester. In another aspect, the metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or its ester derivative is reacted with a glycol ether or a glycol ether alkoxylate, to give an alkoxylated fatty ester. In yet another aspect, the metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is reacted with one or more alkylene oxides to give a fatty acid alkoxylate, followed by etherification of the fatty acid alkoxylate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: November 17, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Brian Holland, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Dennis S. Murphy, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Patent number: 9175245
    Abstract: Fatty amide compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The fatty amides comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a primary or secondary amine. Derivatives made by reducing, quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and sulfitating the fatty amide are also included. The amine reactant can be diethylenetriamine or (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine, which provide imidazoline amides or esters, respectively. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The compositions are valuable for cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care, antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: November 3, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Brian Holland, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Dennis S. Murphy, Irene Shapiro, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Gregory Wallace, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe, Lena Titievsky
  • Patent number: 9175246
    Abstract: Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: November 3, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Lawrence A. Munie, Dennis S. Murphy, Irene Shapiro, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Patent number: 9150740
    Abstract: A film may be formed from film forming compositions which comprise at least one carboxamide based coalescing solvent. These coalescing solvents impart equivalent or improved wet-scrub resistance, block resistance, gloss, dirt pick-up resistance and leveling characteristics to the films on a substrate, without contributing to total VOC levels, when replacing conventional coalescing solvents. The present invention also includes a method for forming a film comprising applying a film forming composition comprising polyunsaturated reactive carboxamides to a substrate and curing the film under ambient conditions. The coalescing carboxamide solvents are suitable for paint, latex based caulk, adhesives and floor care applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 6, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Michael R. Terry, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20150182586
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are teat dip compositions, comprising a) a fermentation derived mixture that include low molecular weight protein component; b) an emollient; c) one or more surfactants; and d) an anti-microbial agent. The disclosed methods provide for preventing milk contamination and associated bacterial infections of the teat in dairy animals, the method comprises applying to the teat of the dairy animal a composition, comprising: a) a fermentation derived mixture that include low molecular weight protein component; b) an emollient; c) one or more surfactants; and d) an anti-microbial agent, wherein the application is effective in treating mastitis of the teat, and wherein the composition is gentle on the teat tissue.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 31, 2014
    Publication date: July 2, 2015
    Inventors: John W. BALDRIDGE, Carl W. PODELLA, Andrew H. MICHALOW, Michael G. GOLDFELD, Kevin JOHANSEN, Andrew D. MALEC
  • Patent number: 9006144
    Abstract: Aqueous glyphosate formulations comprising a surfactant derived from metathesized natural oil feedstocks are disclosed. The formulations comprise a glyphosate salt, water, and a surfactant derived from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives. The surfactant is selected from C10 or C12 amine oxides, C10 or C12 quats, C10, C12, or C16 amidoamines, C10 or C12 amidoamine oxides, C10 imidazoline quats, C10 or C12 amidoamine quats, C10, C12, or C16 betaines, C16 amidoamine betaines, C18 diamidoamines, C18 diamidoamine oxides, C18 diamidoamine diquats, C18 diamidoamine oxide quats, C18 diamidoamine oxide betaines, Cis diamidoamine monobetaines, C18 diamidoamine monobetaine quats, C18 ester amidoamine quats, and amidoamines and their oxidized or quaternized derivatives made from self- or cross-metathesized palm or soybean oil.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: April 14, 2015
    Assignee: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Randal J. Bernhardt, Andrew D. Malec, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20150087521
    Abstract: Sulfate and sulfonate derivatives of unsaturated fatty alcohols, processes for making them, and methods of using them are disclosed. In one aspect, a monounsaturated fatty alcohol composition is made by reducing a metathesis-derived monounsaturated alkyl ester. The fatty alcohol composition is then converted to a sulfate or sulfonate derivative by one or more of alkoxylation, sulfation, sulfonation, and sulfitation. Of particular interest are the sulfate and ether sulfate derivatives.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 13, 2013
    Publication date: March 26, 2015
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: David R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Mary Beddaoui, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Scott Dillavou, Xue Min Dong, Wilma Gorman, John C. Hutchison, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Franz Luxem, Andrew D Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Dennis S. Murphy, Nicholas Pendleton, Irma Ryklin, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Chris Spaulding, Krista Turpin, Gregory Wallace, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20150087724
    Abstract: Unsaturated fatty alcohol alkoxylates, processes for making them, and methods of using them are disclosed. In one aspect, a monounsaturated fatty alcohol alkoxylate is made by reducing a metathesis-derived monounsaturated alkyl ester, followed by alkoxylation of the resulting monounsaturated alcohol. Microscopy reveals that the monounsaturated alkoxylates have isotropic and lamellar phases over a wider range of actives levels compared with their saturated analogs. This attribute expands formulating latitude for many end-use applications. The unsaturated fatty alcohol alkoxylates are valuable in, for example, agricultural solvents, nonionic emulsifiers for agricultural compositions, hard surface cleaners, laundry detergents, specialty foams, additives or surfactants for paints or coatings, and surfactant compositions for enhanced oil recovery.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 13, 2013
    Publication date: March 26, 2015
    Inventors: David R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Mary Beddaoui, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Xue Min Dong, Wilma Gorman, John Hutchison, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Franz Luxem, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A Masters, Dennis S Murphy, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Chris Spaulding, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20140005423
    Abstract: Alkoxylated fatty ester compositions are disclosed. In one aspect, the compositions comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of an insertion catalyst to give an alkoxylated fatty ester. In another aspect, the metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or its ester derivative is reacted with a glycol ether or a glycol ether alkoxylate, to give an alkoxylated fatty ester. In yet another aspect, the metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is reacted with one or more alkylene oxides to give a fatty acid alkoxylate, followed by etherification of the fatty acid alkoxylate.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: January 2, 2014
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Berhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Brian Holland, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Dennis S. Murphy, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130237421
    Abstract: Aqueous glyphosate formulations comprising a surfactant derived from metathesized natural oil feedstocks are disclosed. The formulations comprise a glyphosate salt, water, and a surfactant derived from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives. The surfactant is selected from C10 or C12 amine oxides, C10 or C12 quats, C10, C12, or C16 amidoamines, C10 or C12 amidoamine oxides, C10 imidazoline quats, C10 or C12 amidoamine quats, C10, C12, or C16 betaines, C16 amidoamine betaines, C18 diamidoamines, C18 diamidoamine oxides, C18 diamidoamine diquats, C18 diamidoamine oxide quats, C18 diamidoamine oxide betaines, Cis diamidoamine monobetaines, C18 diamidoamine monobetaine quats, C18 ester amidoamine quats, and amidoamines and their oxidized or quaternized derivatives made from self- or cross-metathesized palm or soybean oil.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: September 12, 2013
    Inventors: Dave R. ALLEN, Randal J. Bernhardt, Andrew D. Malec, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130225470
    Abstract: Fatty amide compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The fatty amides comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a primary or secondary amine. Derivatives made by reducing, quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and sulfitating the fatty amide are also included. The amine reactant can be diethylenetriamine or (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine, which provide imidazoline amides or N esters, respectively. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The compositions are valuable for cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care, antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: August 29, 2013
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Brian Holland, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Dennis S. Murphy, Irene Shapiro, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Gregory Wallace, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe, Lena Titievsky
  • Publication number: 20130225409
    Abstract: Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amines, wherein the fatty amine is made by reducing the amide reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and a secondary amine, are disclosed. Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amidoamines, wherein the amidoamine is made by reacting of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine, are also disclosed. The quaternized compositions are advantageously sulfonated or sulfated. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monoun-saturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: August 29, 2013
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Sangeeta Ganguly-Mink, Andrew D. Malec, Teresa Manuel, Ronald A. Masters, Lawrence A. Munie, Dennis S. Murphy, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Jeremy Aaron Weitgenant, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130225473
    Abstract: Sulfonate compositions are disclosed. The compositions include alkanesulfonates, alkenesulfonates, sultones, and hydroxy-substituted alkanesulfonates. The sulfonates comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a sulfonating or sulfitating agent. In one aspect, the sulfonate composition is a sulfo-estolide made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid with a sulfonating agent, optionally in the presence of a saturated fatty acid. The sulfonates are valuable for a wide variety of end uses, including cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care (liquid cleansing products, conditioning bars, oral care products), paint additives, antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: August 29, 2013
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R Allen, Randal J Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Jeremy Aaron Weitgenant, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130225408
    Abstract: Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: August 29, 2013
    Applicant: STEPAN COMPANY
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Marcos Alonso, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Kelly Buchek, Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Lawrence A. Munie, Dennis S. Murphy, Irene Shapiro, Patti Skelton, Brian Sook, Michael R. Terry, Laura Lee Whitlock, Michael Wiester, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130225859
    Abstract: Esteramine compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The esteramines comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a tertiary alkanolamine. Derivatives made by quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and/or sulfitating the esteramines are also disclosed. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The esteramines and derivatives are valuable for a wide variety of end uses, including cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care (liquid cleansing products, conditioning bars, oral care products), antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2011
    Publication date: August 29, 2013
    Applicant: Stepan Company
    Inventors: Dave R. Allen, Randal J. Bernhardt, Aaron Brown, Anatoliy A. Damashek, Brian Holland, Andrew D. Malec, Ronald A. Masters, Marshall J. Nepras, Patti Skelton, Laura Lee Whitlock, Patrick Shane Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20130143986
    Abstract: A film may be formed from film forming compositions which comprise at least one carboxamide based coalescing solvent. These coalescing solvents impart equivalent or improved wet-scrub resistance, block resistance, gloss, dirt pick-up resistance and leveling characteristics to the films on a substrate, without contributing to total VOC levels, when replacing conventional coalescing solvents. The present invention also includes a method for forming a film comprising applying a film forming composition comprising polyunsaturated reactive carboxamides to a substrate and curing the film under ambient conditions. The coalescing carboxamide solvents are suitable for paint, latex based caulk, adhesives and floor care applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 23, 2011
    Publication date: June 6, 2013
    Inventors: Gary Luebke, Renee Luka, Andrew D. Malec, Michael R. Terry, Patrick Shane Wolfe