Abstract: An electromagnetic tracking system includes an adjustable source of electricity, a magneto-resistive (MR) sensor coupled to the adjustable source of electricity and configured to couple to a device for tracking a position of the device, and a controller coupled to the adjustable source of electricity and the MR sensor to adjust an amount of electricity provided to the MR sensor by the adjustable source of electricity. The electromagnetic tracking system is configured to track MR sensors and coil-based sensors simultaneously using one or more input channels on the controller.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include systems and methods for planning and/or performing an ablation procedure. Volumetric image data including a needle, such as a physical ablation needle or a virtual needle, can be analyzed to segment the needle within the volume. A first cross-sectional, two-dimensional view of the volume showing a first plane in which an axis defined by the needle lies can be generated and displayed. The view can be manipulated to display a generated second cross-sectional, two-dimensional view of the volume showing a second plane through the volume in which the longitudinal axis defined by the virtual needle lies, wherein the second plane is different from the first plane. Additional segmented features such as lesions in the image data, treatment regions, isotherms, and the like can be included in views to be analyzed from a plurality of views that include the needle.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: A method of registering a luminal network to a 3D model of the luminal network with real-time feedback is disclosed, including generating the 3D model of the luminal network based on images of the luminal network, generating an electromagnetic field about the luminal network, inserting a location sensor into the electromagnetic field, tracking the location of the sensor within the luminal network, comparing the tracked locations of the sensor with sensors located outside of the luminal network and the portions of the 3D model representative of open space, and presenting on a user interface an indication of which portions of the luminal network have been sufficiently traversed by the sensor to register that portion of the luminal network to the 3D model.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: A method of registering a luminal network to a 3D model of the luminal network with real-time feedback is disclosed, including generating the 3D model of the luminal network based on images of the luminal network, generating an electromagnetic field about the luminal network, inserting a location sensor into the electromagnetic field, tracking the location of the sensor within the luminal network, comparing the tracked locations of the sensor with sensors located outside of the luminal network and the portions of the 3D model representative of open space, and presenting on a user interface an indication of which portions of the luminal network have been sufficiently traversed by the sensor to register that portion of the luminal network to the 3D model.

Abstract: A method of registering a luminal network to a 3D model of the luminal network with real-time feedback is disclosed, including generating the 3D model of the luminal network based on images of the luminal network, generating an electromagnetic field about the luminal network, inserting a location sensor into the electromagnetic field, tracking the location of the sensor within the luminal network, comparing the tracked locations of the sensor with sensors located outside of the luminal network and the portions of the 3D model representative of open space, and presenting on a user interface an indication of which portions of the luminal network have been sufficiently traversed by the sensor to register that portion of the luminal network to the 3D model.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include systems and methods for planning and/or performing an ablation procedure. Volumetric image data including a needle, such as a physical ablation needle or a virtual needle, can be analyzed to segment the needle within the volume. A first cross-sectional, two-dimensional view of the volume showing a first plane in which an axis defined by the needle lies can be generated and displayed. The view can be manipulated to display a generated second cross-sectional, two-dimensional view of the volume showing a second plane through the volume in which the longitudinal axis defined by the virtual needle lies, wherein the second plane is different from the first plane. Additional segmented features such as lesions in the image data, treatment regions, isotherms, and the like can be included in views to be analyzed from a plurality of views that include the needle.

Abstract: A surgical system includes an extended working channel, a magnetic field generator, a sensor, a workstation, a computer readable recording medium, and a remote control handle. The extended working channel is sized for insertion into the working channel of a bronchoscope and to receive one or more instruments therethrough. The sensor is associated with a distal end of the extended working channel for detecting a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator. The workstation includes a display and is operably connected to the sensor. The computer readable recording medium is associated with the workstation for storing a software program that enables association of the sensed magnetic field with a location of the sensor and that generates one or more images including one or more fields for presentation on the display. The remote control handle enables manipulation of the one or more fields generated by the software.

Abstract: A surgical system includes an extended working channel, a magnetic field generator, a sensor, a workstation, a computer readable recording medium, and a remote control handle. The extended working channel is sized for insertion into the working channel of a bronchoscope and to receive one or more instruments therethrough. The sensor is associated with a distal end of the extended working channel for detecting a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator. The workstation includes a display and is operably connected to the sensor. The computer readable recording medium is associated with the workstation for storing a software program that enables association of the sensed magnetic field with a location of the sensor and that generates one or more images including one or more fields for presentation on the display. The remote control handle enables manipulation of the one or more fields generated by the software.

Abstract: A surgical system includes an extended working channel, a magnetic field generator, a sensor, a workstation, a computer readable recording medium, and a remote control handle. The extended working channel is sized for insertion into the working channel of a bronchoscope and to receive one or more instruments therethrough. The sensor is associated with a distal end of the extended working channel for detecting a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator. The workstation includes a display and is operably connected to the sensor. The computer readable recording medium is associated with the workstation for storing a software program that enables association of the sensed magnetic field with a location of the sensor and that generates one or more images including one or more fields for presentation on the display. The remote control handle enables manipulation of the one or more fields generated by the software.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a dry titanium dioxide product, comprising the steps of: providing a dispersion comprising titanium dioxide particles; treating the titanium dioxide particles with a silane of formula (I): RII(ORI)aORSiX3??(I) wherein R is a divalent C1-24 organic group that is carbon-bonded to the silicon atom, RI is a C2-6 alkylene group, RII is hydrogen, a C1-16 alkyl group, a C2-16 alkyl ether group, or a C2-12 acyloxy group, X is a hydrolysable group, and a is a number having a value from 3 to 150; and then drying the dispersion to provide a dry titanium dioxide product. The dry titanium dioxide product may optionally be dispersed within a vehicle.

Abstract: A surgical system includes an extended working channel, a magnetic field generator, a sensor, a workstation, a computer readable recording medium, and a remote control handle. The extended working channel is sized for insertion into the working channel of a bronchoscope and to receive one or more instruments therethrough. The sensor is associated with a distal end of the extended working channel for detecting a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator. The workstation includes a display and is operably connected to the sensor. The computer readable recording medium is associated with the workstation for storing a software program that enables association of the sensed magnetic field with a location of the sensor and that generates one or more images including one or more fields for presentation on the display. The remote control handle enables manipulation of the one or more fields generated by the software.

Abstract: Methods and systems for navigating to a target through a patient's bronchial tree are disclosed including a bronchoscope, a probe insertable into a working channel of the bronchoscope and including a location sensor, and a workstation in operative communication with the probe and the bronchoscope, the workstation including a user interface that guides a user through a navigation plan and is configured to present a central navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the bronchoscope through central airways of the patient's bronchial tree toward the target, a peripheral navigation view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in navigating the probe through peripheral airways of the patient's bronchial tree to the target, and a target alignment view including a plurality of views configured for assisting the user in aligning a distal tip of the probe with the target.