Abstract: A process for the coloration of a substrate, especially a textile, comprising the steps of:(a) applying to the substrate a mixture comprising an aqueous solvent and a water-soluble dye comprising molecules which contain a nucleophilic group and an electrophilic group; and(b) heating or basifying or heating and basifying the dye thereby causing molecules of the dye to join together.Also claimed are dyes, polymers and oligomers.

Abstract: A compound which, in the free acid form, is of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: D is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted naphthyl;K is optionally substituted phenylene or optionally substituted naphthylene;R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are each independently H or optionally substituted alkyl;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently H or optionally substituted alkyl, provided at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is optionally substituted alkyl;B is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted each A is H or a substituent; andeachA is H or a substituent; andL is an optionally substituted divalent organic radical. The compound is useful as a reactive dye for textiles.

Abstract: Triphenodioxazine reactive dyes, useful for dyeing cellulosic fibers, of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of T.sup.1 and T.sup.2, independently, represents H, Cl, Br, F, SO.sub.3 H or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl radical;R.sup.1 represents H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or heterocyclic radical;R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical;A represents C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, Cl, COOH or SO.sub.3 H, andn has a value of 0 or 1,the nature of the substituents being such that the dyes contain at least two SO.sub.3 H groups and at least two fibre-reactive groups.

Abstract: Triphenodioxazine dyes which, in the free acid form, have the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is Cl or Br; Y is cyclopentylene, cyclohexylene or (CH.sub.2).sub.x where x is 2, 3 or 4; andZ is NRCO.sub.2 R.sup.1 or ##STR2## wherein R is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl;R.sup.1 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl or optionally substituted aryl; andR.sup.2 is --CH.dbd.CH--,--CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --,--(CH.sub.2)--.sub.2-4 or a 1,2-radical of a 5 or 6 membered carbocyclic compound;or, when Y is cyclopentylene or cyclohexylene, Z may also be H or alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy or amino, all of which may be optionally substituted.

Abstract: A dyestuff of formula: ##STR1## wherein: the groups X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cyano, optionally substituted amino or carboxylic acid ester groups; (R).sub.n represents n substituents R each of which is independently halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or --COOH and n is 0 or 1; R.sub.1 is hydrogen, or optionally substituted lower alkyl; Y is an optionally substituted aliphatic or optionally substituted araliphatic group; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl or aralkyl group; A.sup.- is an anion; a is 0 or 1; and Z is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl.The dyes are useful for the coloration of materials such as textiles, leather, inks and lacquers.

Abstract: A dyestuff of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: the groups X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or aryl;(R).sub.n represents n substituents R each of which is independently halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or COOH and n is 0 or 1;a+b is 0 to 4;A is O, S or NR.sub.2 wherein R.sub.2 is H or optionally substituted lower alkyl;B is an optionally substituted aliphatic or optionally substituted araliphatic group;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl; andZ is an aromatic nitrogen ring heterocycle devoid of cellulose-reactive groups.The dyestuffs are valuable for the coloration of cellulose especially in the form of paper. The resulting colored cellulose is a bright blue with good fastness properties.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl or aryl;X is H, NH.sub.2 or NHCH.sub.3 ;one of Y and Z is OH and the other is H, NH.sub.2 or NHCH.sub.3 ; andone of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is H and the one that is ortho to the OH group is a --CH.sub.2 R.sup.1 radical.The compounds include pleochroic dyes useful in liquid crystal display systems.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of homogentisic lactone by reacting hydroquinone with a di(lower alkyl) chloro (or bromo) malonate and an alkali metal lower alkoxide to give an alkali metal 3-carbo(loweralkoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-oxidobenzo[b]furan which is subsequently decarboxylated by treatment with a strong mineral acid to give homogentisic lactone. The latter is readily converted into homogentisic acid by conventional means.

Abstract: Process for the coloration of polyester or cellulose-triacetate textile materials, or polyester/cellulose unions, with disperse anthraquinone dyestuffs containing an alkoxycarbonylalkoxy group and giving a subsequent alkaline rinse.