Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and other related reactions. A feed stream comprising an oxygenated hydrocarbon can be reacted in a first HDO reactor to produce an intermediate stream. The intermediate stream can be reacted in a second HDO reactor to produce an HDO product stream. The HDO product stream can be fractionated to produce a first HDO vapor product stream and a first HDO liquid product stream. The feed stream can be heated with the first HDO vapor product stream via a first heat exchanger upstream of the first HDO reactor to an inlet temperature for the HDO reactor at which the oxygenated hydrocarbon is thermally stable. At least part of the first HDO liquid product stream can be recycled to mix with the feed stream upstream of the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for producing a C4+ compound, including the steps of: (i) reacting a feed stream comprising C1+O1-3 hydrocarbons in the presence of an acid condensation (AC) catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce an AC product stream including the C4+ compound; (ii) fractionating AC product stream into an AC liquid product stream including organic products and a vapor stream; (iii) fractionating the AC liquid product stream by a fractionation column into a liquid C4+ compound product stream and a gaseous overhead stream; (iv) cooling the gaseous overhead stream to produce a liquid reflux stream and a gaseous vent stream; (v) recycling a first portion of the liquid reflux stream to the fractionation column for the fractionation in step (iii); and (vi) recycling a second portion of the liquid reflux stream to the feed stream for the reaction in step (i).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for regenerating an acid condensation catalyst including reacting a fouled acid condensation catalyst in an acid condensation (AC) reactor with a regeneration feed gas comprising oxygen (O2) at a regeneration temperature to produce a regenerated acid condensation catalyst and an effluent gas comprising carbon dioxide (CO2). The method further includes fractionating the effluent gas into a liquid phase containing water and a vapor phase, (iii) mixing at least a portion of the vapor phase with O2, CO2, air, or a combination thereof to form the regeneration feed gas; and (iv) introducing the regeneration feed gas to the AC reactor to continue the reaction of step (i).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for producing a C4+ compound, including the steps of: i) reacting a feed stream including C1+O1-3hydrocarbons in the presence of an acid condensation (AC) catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce an AC product stream comprising the C4+ compound; (ii) fractionating AC product stream into an AC liquid product stream comprising organic products and a vapor stream; (iii) compressing the vapor stream to form a compressed vapor stream; (iv) cooling a first portion of the compressed vapor stream to produce a first recovered liquid product stream and a first purge vapor stream; (v) recycling a second portion of the compressed vapor stream to the reaction of step (i); (vi) combining the AC liquid product stream and the first recovered liquid product stream to form a combined liquid product stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting biomass to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods for removing mineral acids, mineral salts and contaminants, such as metal impurities, ash, terpenoids, stilbenes, flavonoids, proteins, and other inorganic products, from a lignocellulosic feedstock stream containing organic acids, carbohydrates, starches, polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, sugars, sugar alcohols, phenols, cresols, and other oxygenated hydrocarbons, in a manner that maintains a portion of the organic acids and other oxygenated hydrocarbons in the product stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting biomass to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes, methods, and systems for converting biomass-derived feedstocks to liquid fuels and chemicals. The method generally includes the reaction of a hydrolysate from a biomass deconstruction process with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising one of more oxygenated compounds. The process also includes reacting the reaction product with a condensation catalyst to produce C4+ compounds useful as fuels and chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods for removing contaminants, such as mineral salts, mineral acids, terpenoids, stilbenes, flavonoids, proteinaceous materials, metal impurities, ash and other organic products, from a lignocellulosic feedstock stream containing oxygenated hydrocarbons.