Abstract: Devices, systems, or methods include generating, by stimulation generation circuitry, a first train of electrical stimulation pulses at a first frequency to a first target tissue; and generating, by the stimulation generation circuitry, a second train of electrical stimulation pulses at a second frequency to a second target tissue different from the first target tissue, wherein at least some electrical stimulation pulses of the first train of electrical stimulation pulses are interleaved with at least some electrical stimulation pulses of the second tram of electrical stimulation pulses. At least the first target tissue is associated with a spinal cord of a patient, and the second target tissue is associated with at least one of a peripheral nerve or a nerve root of the patient.

Abstract: An example system includes electrodes configured to deliver the electrical stimulation to a patient, and a device comprising processing circuitry configured to determine, for a patient, a loading dose of electric stimulation. The processing circuitry is also configured to cause electrical stimulation circuitry' to deliver, during a first time period, the loading dose to the patient, receive patient feedback representing a response of the patient to the loading dose, determine, based on patient feedback, a maintenance dose of electrical stimulation, and cause the electrical stimulation circuitry to deliver, and during a second time period that is after the first time period, a maintenance dose of electrical stimulation. Delivering the maintenance dose of electrical stimulation consumes less power than delivering the loading dose of electrical stimulation.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to devices, systems, and techniques for delivering various stimulation patterns. In some examples, a method includes generating, by stimulation generation circuitry, a first train of electrical stimulation pulses at a first frequency to a first target tissue, and generating, by the stimulation generation circuitry, a second train of electrical stimulation pulses at a second frequency to a second target tissue different from the first target tissue, wherein at least some electrical stimulation pulses of the first train of electrical stimulation pulses are interleaved with at least some electrical stimulation pulses of the second train of electrical stimulation pulses, and wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

Abstract: Processing circuitry for a medical system configured to determine posture and activity information of a patient and sense bioelectrical signals as well as receive information about the environment of the patient. The processing circuitry is configured to determine respiration activity of the patient based on the sensed signals and determine a degree of distress of the patient based on the sensed signals and the determined respiration activity. Responsive to determining the degree of distress, the processing circuitry is configured to output a command signal, which may adjust the output of stimulation circuitry configured to deliver electrical stimulation to a patient via a set of electrodes implanted proximal target tissue of the patient, upload the received information, cause the communication circuitry to send an electronic message comprising a notification of the degree of distress of the patient or take other actions.

Abstract: Processing circuitry of a system configured to determine a patient state based on sensed signals including posture and activity information and control delivery of electrical stimulation therapy to the patient via electrodes implanted proximal to target tissue of the patient. The sensed signals also include impedance measurement, and other bioelectrical signals, where sensing is interleaved with the electrical stimulation therapy. Responsive to determining the patient state, select an action, wherein the selected action comprises one or more of: store collected information, upload the collected information to an external computing device, and output an electronic signal comprising an alert.

Abstract: Processing circuitry for a medical system configured to sense bioelectrical signals and determine posture and activity information as well as information about the environment of the patient. The processing circuitry is also configured to control stimulation generation circuitry to deliver the electrical stimulation therapy, and interleaved with the electrical stimulation therapy, control the stimulation generation circuitry to output an impedance measurement signal. The processing circuitry is further configured to determine respiration of the patient based on the impedance. Responsive to determining the respiration of the patient, the processing circuitry may then determine a patient state based on the determined respiration, and the posture and activity information of the patient.

Abstract: A system includes telemetry circuitry configured for communication between a medical device and an external device associated with the medical device and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to receive an indication of a plurality of user inputs, each user input of the plurality of user inputs indicating a respective value of a plurality of values for a stimulation parameter that at least partially defines therapy provided to the patient in a posture state of a plurality of posture states. The processing circuitry is further configured to determine a representative value for the stimulation parameter based on the plurality of values for the stimulation parameter that at least partially defines therapy provided to the patient in the posture state. The processing circuitry is further configured to control the medical device to provide the therapy according to the representative value.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and techniques are disclosed for determining spatial relationships between electrodes implanted within a patient. In one example, a medical device delivers, via a first electrode, an electrical stimulus and senses, for each other electrode, a respective electrical signal indicative of the electrical stimulus. The medical device determines, for each other electrode, a respective value for each respective electrical signal. The medical device determines, based on the respective values for each respective electrical signal and values of tissue conductivity of tissues of the patient interposed between the first electrode and the other electrodes, spatial relationships between the first electrode and each other electrode of the plurality of electrodes.

Abstract: The disclosure describes example devices, systems, and techniques for delivering electrical stimulation to a patient. In some examples, an IMD includes a housing having a main portion and projection extending from the main portion. The projection of the housing may carry an electrode. Stimulation circuitry may be disposed within the main portion of the housing where the stimulation circuitry may generate electrical stimulation deliverable via the electrode. Processing circuitry may be disposed within the main portion of the housing where the processing circuitry may control the stimulation circuitry to generate the electrical stimulation.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and techniques are disclosed for determining spatial relationships between electrodes implanted within a patient. In one example, a medical device delivers, via a first electrode, an electrical stimulus and senses, for each other electrode, a respective electrical signal indicative of the electrical stimulus. The medical device determines, for each other electrode, a respective value for each respective electrical signal. The medical device determines, based on the respective values for each respective electrical signal and values of tissue conductivity of tissues of the patient interposed between the first electrode and the other electrodes, spatial relationships between the first electrode and each other electrode of the plurality of electrodes.

Abstract: A surgical system includes a surgical generator and at least one energy delivery device. The surgical generator includes at least one energy output stage configured to deliver energy, a controller configured to control the energy output, and sensor circuitry. The energy delivery device(s) is coupled to the surgical generator, configured for insertion into a synovial joint, and configured to supply energy through synovial fluid in the synovial joint. In a sensing mode, the sensor circuitry is configured to sense at least one electrical parameter of the energy and the controller is configured to determine a parameter of the synovial fluid based thereon. The controller is further configured, in a treatment mode, to control the energy based upon the at least one determined parameter of the synovial fluid to treat tissue of the synovial joint.

Abstract: An example method of delivering electrical stimulation includes obtaining, by an implantable medical device (IMD) connected to a lead carrying a plurality of electrodes, one or more stimulation parameters; and delivering, by the IMD and based on the one or more stimulation parameters, electrical stimulation therapy via the plurality of electrodes, wherein delivering the electrical stimulation therapy comprises scanning delivery of the electrical stimulation therapy through different pairs of electrodes of the plurality of electrodes.

Abstract: In some examples, a medical device is configured to automatically determine a paresthesia threshold or a perception threshold of a patient in a second posture based on the paresthesia threshold or perception threshold of that patient in a first posture. The medical device may deliver an electrical stimulation signal to a patient and determine the paresthesia threshold or perception threshold for the patient in the first posture. The medical device may change the intensity of the electrical signal and receive an indication from the patient that they are experiencing paresthesia or perceiving the electrical stimulation signal. The medical device may then automatically determine a predicted paresthesia threshold or predicted perception threshold for a second posture based on the paresthesia threshold or perception threshold.

Abstract: In some examples, a medical device is configured to deliver sub-threshold electrical stimulation therapy to a patient at a stimulation intensity that is significantly less than a perception or paresthesia threshold intensity level for the patient. The medical device may determine the particular intensity level for the patient through a titration process. The medical device may titrate automatically or based upon the input of the patient, a clinician or a physician.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and techniques are disclosed for determining spatial relationships between electrodes implanted within a patient. In one example, a medical device delivers, via a first electrode, an electrical stimulus and senses, for each other electrode, a respective electrical signal indicative of the electrical stimulus. The medical device determines, for each other electrode, a respective value for each respective electrical signal. The medical device determines, based on the respective values for each respective electrical signal and values of tissue conductivity of tissues of the patient interposed between the first electrode and the other electrodes, spatial relationships between the first electrode and each other electrode of the plurality of electrodes.

Abstract: The disclosure describes example devices, systems, and techniques for delivering electrical stimulation to a patient. In some examples, an IMD includes a housing having a main portion and projection extending from the main portion. The projection of the housing may carry an electrode. Stimulation circuitry may be disposed within the main portion of the housing where the stimulation circuitry may generate electrical stimulation deliverable via the electrode. Processing circuitry may be disposed within the main portion of the housing where the processing circuitry may control the stimulation circuitry to generate the electrical stimulation.

Abstract: A system to assist in diagnosing and/or determining treatment for a selected subject. A user interface may be used to identify selected regions of a subject that have selected signs or symptoms. Guidance may be retrieved and/or updated based on inputs.

Abstract: A system to assist in diagnosing and/or determining treatment for a selected subject. A user interface may be used to identify selected regions of a subject that have selected signs or symptoms. Guidance may be retrieved and/or updated based on inputs.

Abstract: In some examples, a medical device is configured to deliver sub-threshold electrical stimulation therapy to a patient at a stimulation intensity that is significantly less than a perception or paresthesia threshold intensity level for the patient. The medical device may deliver the sub-threshold electrical stimulation therapy to a first anatomical location near a spine of a patient. The first anatomical location may be below a T9-10 spinal disc space in a lateral view of the patient or within 2 millimeters of a midline of the spine of the patient or both.

Abstract: In some examples, a medical device is configured to deliver sub-threshold electrical stimulation therapy to a patient at a stimulation intensity that is significantly less than a perception or paresthesia threshold intensity level for the patient. The medical device may determine the particular intensity level for the patient through a titration process. The medical device may titrate automatically or based upon the input of the patient, a clinician or a physician.