Abstract: A toy exhaust device (10) for attachment to a rear stay (11) of the frame of a bicycle, the device (10) comprises an elongate body unit (13) having formations (14, 15) thereon shaped so that the body unit (13) is locatable against the surface (16) of the rear stay 11, which surface (16) faces out from the frame, an exhaust pipe (17) extending from the body unit (13) to the rear of the frame and away therefrom, when the body unit (13) is attached thereto. The device (10) is symmetrically disposed about a plane of division (18) of the device (10), in which plane of division the longitudinal axis of the body unit (13) lies, and such that, in use, when an exhaust device (10) is attached to each side of the frame one device (10) will be a mirror image of the other device (10).

Abstract: A device (10) for attachment to a spoked bicycle wheel (not shown, comprises a central section (11) locatable around the wheel hub (not shown), and a plurality of elongate members (12, 13, 14, 15, 21) attachable to the central section (11). When attached to the central section (11), the elongate members (12, 13, 14, 15, 21) are radially and equidistantly disposed thereabout. The length of the and each elongate member (12, 13, 14, 15, 21) is adjustable, if required, such that, in use, the elongate members (12, 13, 14, 15, 21) extend from the central section (11) to the rim of the wheel (not shown).

Abstract: A toy exhaust device (10) for attachment to a rear stay (11) of the frame of a bicycle, the device (10) comprises an elongate body unit (13) having formations (14, 15) thereon shaped so that the body unit (13) is locatable against the surface (16) of the rear stay 11, which surface (16) faces out from the frame, an exhaust pipe (17) extending from the body unit (13) to the rear of the frame and away therefrom, when the body unit (13) is attached thereto. The device (10) is symmetrically disposed about a plane of division (18) of the device (10), in which plane of division the longitudinal axis of the body unit (13) lies, and such that, in use, when an exhaust device (10) is attached to each side of the frame one device (10) will be a mirror image of the other device (10).

Abstract: Pyrolysis of oil shale or removal of valuable hydrocarbons from other hydrocarbon-containing materials is achieved through heating of induction-heatable objects which can transfer heat to the oil shale or other hydrocarbon-containing material in a dynamic process matrix. The induction-heatable materials should be conductive and resistive. The induction-heatable materials may also be resistive. The induction-heatable objects are exposed to a rapidly-changing magnetic field which causes current to flow within the induction-heatable objects. Resistive heating results, which generates heat within the induction-heatable objects. If the induction-heatable objects are also magnetic, then heat is secondarily generated within them by magnetic hysteresis. The induction-heatable objects are mixed with oil shale feedstock to form a dynamic process matrix either before or after they are heated by induction heating.