Abstract: The present disclosure includes paper bags and methods for forming paper bags. Some of the bags may include a body, a first attachment portion configured to engage an arm of a bag holder, and a second attachment portion configured to engage another arm of the bag holder. In some aspects, the body defines an opening and includes opposing first and second sides, a first section disposed between the first side and the second side, and a second section disposed between the first and second sides, the second section moveable relative to the first section to define a cavity that is in communication with the opening. The first attachment portion may be closer to the first side of the body than the second side and the second attachment portion may be closer to the second side of the body than the first side.

Abstract: Remote monitoring of vehicle washing facilities allows a facility operator to more efficiently manage each site, particularly when combined with environmental conditions that influence the rate at which individual chemicals are used. Accurate chemical exhaustion times can therefore be predicted and communicated to the operator, and wash sequences and parameters may be altered in accordance with such environmental parameters. For example, information related to the composition of soil on a car may be monitored and used to alter the chemicals used in the wash cycle for that car. Other environmental conditions may include without limitation weather conditions, road conditions, types of vehicles, mechanical system status, vehicle temperature, etc.

Abstract: Field devices used to measure process parameters can also function as a data historian by storing process data and associated time stamps. In response to a request for stored process data, the field device uses a cipher and a secret method to generate an encrypted validation string that is provided along with unencrypted information including the process data and time stamps. A validation service that maintains a secure database of field devices and their associated ciphers and secret methods can validate the unencrypted information by using the validation string.

Abstract: Field devices used to measure process parameters can also function as a data historian by storing process data and associated time stamps. In response to a request for stored process data, the field device uses a cipher and a secret method to generate an encrypted validation string that is provided along with unencrypted information including the process data and time stamps. A validation service that maintains a secure database of field devices and their associated ciphers and secret methods can validate the unencrypted information by using the validation string.

Abstract: Remote monitoring of vehicle washing facilities allows a facility operator to more efficiently manage each site, particularly when combined with environmental conditions that influence the rate at which individual chemicals are used. Accurate chemical exhaustion times can therefore be predicted and communicated to the operator, and wash sequences and parameters may be altered in accordance with such environmental parameters. For example, information related to the composition of soil on a car may be monitored and used to alter the chemicals used in the wash cycle for that car. Other environmental conditions may include without limitation weather conditions, road conditions, types of vehicles, mechanical system status, vehicle temperature, etc.