Abstract: A physically unclonable function (PUF) and a method of reading it are provided. The PUF is constituted by a microfabricated array of randomly polarized micromagnets disposed on a substrate. The PUF can be read by creating a magnetization map of the PUF from the signal output of a quantum diamond microscope (QDM) and converting the magnetization map to a numerical sequence.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fabricating an assembly with a controllable magnetic state and ferromagnetic resonance. A layer of twisted bilayer graphene is positioned in contact with a transition metal dichalcogenide to form a structure with an interface between the twisted bilayer graphene and the transition metal dichalcogenide.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of quantum information processing using quantum dots are provided. Electrons from a 2DEG are confined to the quantum dots and subjected to a magnetic field having a component directed parallel to the interface. Due to interfacial asymmetries, there is created an effective magnetic field that perturbs the energies of the spin states via an interfacial spin-orbit (SO) interaction. This SO interaction is utilized to controllably produce rotations of the electronic spin state, such as X-rotations of the electronic spin state in a double quantum dot (DQD) singlet-triplet (ST) qubit. The desired state rotations are controlled solely by the use of electrical pulses.