Abstract: In large scale proteome applications, protein separation is paramount to observing discrete changes and quantitative evaluation must coincide with qualitative protein identification for effective differential analysis. A four dimensional (4D) platform for resolving and differentially analyzing complex biological samples is presented. The system, collectively termed CAX-PAGE/RPLC-MSMS, combines bi-phasic ion-exchange chromatography (1st dimension) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2nd dimension) for protein separation, quantification and differential band targeting leading toward subsequent capillary reverse phase liquid chromatography (3rd dimension) and data dependant tandem mass spectrometry (4th dimension) for semi-quantitative and qualitative peptide analysis.

Abstract: Novel, sensitive and specific markers for diagnostics and monitoring of liver injuries, including, but not limited to ischemic liver damage, are provided. This includes identification several enzymes of arginine/urea/nitric oxide cycle, sulfuration enzymes and spectrin breakdown related products, among others.