Abstract: Compositions and coatings for thin films designed to protect surfaces and windows from environmental abrasion (e.g., sand, dust, and rubbing) that are transparent in visual and infrared wavelengths are disclosed. The compositions comprise thiol-containing copolymers comprising: (1) 10-(3-butyl-2-hexyl-6-(9-mercaptononyl)cyclohexyl) decane-1-thiol; and (2) a multifunctional terminally unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer; wherein (1) and (2) are combined to form a UV curable crosslinked thermoset polymer network and no particulate fillers are added to the composition. The films exhibit a specular transmission of greater than 70% in the visual spectrum at about 400-700 nm, and IR wavelengths at about 4-5 ?m, and about 7.5-12 ?m when applied to a surface of a substrate in a coating thickness of about 1-500 ?m. A method for making the films involving an UV initiated thiol-ene curing mechanism is also provided.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide fluoropolymers and methods for forming and using such fluoropolymers. Fluoropolymers include polyfluorobenzoxazines and polyfluoroimides. Methods for forming polyphthalonitriles are also provided. The present disclosure is further directed to compositions containing one or more fluoropolymers and one or more metal oxides.

Abstract: Resistive inks and method of making resistive inks that utilize a phthalonitrile resin as a curable component in the inks are disclosed. In one example, a resistive ink is provided. The resistive ink comprises a solvent, a thermally-curable phthalonitrile-based resin dissolved in the solvent, and one or more conductive fillers. In some examples, the phthalonitrile resin can comprise a B-staged material.

Abstract: An anti-icing coating having a continuous phase and a discrete phase. The continuous phase includes a fluorine-containing polymer formed from a fluorine-containing precursor having a functionality of greater than 2. The discrete phase includes a plurality of domains having a fluorine-free hygroscopic and/or hydrophilic material. The plurality of domains are dispersed within the continuous phase and are immersible with the continuous phase. At least a portion of the fluorine-free material is bonded to the fluorine-containing polymer with an isocyanate-containing moiety. The fluorine-containing polymer is crosslinked with a crosslinking molecule having at least 4 functional groups. The fluorine-free material is a poly(ethylene glycol).

Abstract: Resistive inks and method of making resistive inks that utilize a phthalonitrile resin as a curable component in the inks are disclosed. In one example, a resistive ink is provided. The resistive ink comprises a solvent, a thermally-curable phthalonitrile-based resin dissolved in the solvent, and one or more conductive fillers. In some examples, the phthalonitrile resin can comprise a B-staged material.

Abstract: Adhesive formulations for forming a fluorinated poly(imide-phthalonitrile) thermoset polymer are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise a fluorinated imide-phthalonitrile oligomer having Formula IV wherein R1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and does not comprise an ether group; R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and does not comprise an ether group; at least one of R1 and R2 comprises a fluorine substituent; and n has a value of from 1 to 30.

Abstract: A thermoreversible urethane-based adhesive composition comprising the reaction product of a multifunctional maleimide species and a furan-endcapped prepolymer, wherein the furan-endcapped prepolymer comprises the reaction product of a monofunctional furan species and an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, wherein the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer comprises the reaction product of a diisocyanate and a difunctional oligomer that is terminated at a first end with an alpha moiety, wherein the alpha moiety is a hydroxyl group or an amine group, and that is terminated at a second end, opposed from the first end, with an omega moiety, wherein the omega moiety is a hydroxyl group or an amine group.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam and a method of forming a polyurethan foam. The polyurethane foam including the reaction product of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene copolymer polyol, a gelation catalyst, a blowing catalyst, lignin, a polymeric isocyanate, and a blowing agent. The method includes mixing polyethylene glycol and polypropylene copolymer polyol, a gelation catalyst, a blowing catalyst, lignin, a polymeric isocyanate, and a blowing agent. Vehicle components are formed from the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam and a method of forming a polyurethan foam. The polyurethane foam including the reaction product of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene copolymer polyol, a gelation catalyst, a blowing catalyst, lignin, a polymeric isocyanate, and a blowing agent. The method includes mixing polyethylene glycol and polypropylene copolymer polyol, a gelation catalyst, a blowing catalyst, lignin, a polymeric isocyanate, and a blowing agent. Vehicle components are formed from the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A method for forming an electromagnetic shielding material includes causing a first portion of a matrix material to enter a target region of a magnetic field, thereby causing first ferromagnetic particles within the first portion of the matrix material to move such that first longitudinal axes of the first ferromagnetic particles become more aligned with the magnetic field. The method also includes curing the first portion of the matrix material within the target region of the magnetic field and thereafter causing a second portion of the matrix material to enter the target region of the magnetic field, thereby causing second ferromagnetic particles within the second portion of the matrix material to move such that second longitudinal axes of the second ferromagnetic particles become more aligned with the magnetic field. The method also includes curing the second portion of the matrix material within the target region of the magnetic field.

Abstract: This disclosure provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and thermally treating to produce a ceramic material. The disclosure provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic composite with potentially complex 3D shapes. A wide variety of chemical compositions is disclosed, and several experimental examples are included to demonstrate reduction to practice. For example, preceramic resin formulations may contain a carbosilane in which there is at least one functional group selected from vinyl, allyl, ethynyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, ester group, amine, hydroxyl, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, glycidyl, glycidyl ether, vinyl glycidyl ether, vinyl amide, vinyl triazine, vinyl isocyanurate, acrylate, methacrylate, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, phenyl, halide, thiol, cyano, cyanate, or thiocyanate.

Abstract: This disclosure provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and thermally treating to produce a ceramic material. The disclosure provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic composite with potentially complex 3D shapes. A wide variety of chemical compositions is disclosed, and several experimental examples are included to demonstrate reduction to practice. For example, preceramic resin formulations may contain a carbosilane in which there is at least one functional group selected from vinyl, allyl, ethynyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, ester group, amine, hydroxyl, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, glycidyl, glycidyl ether, vinyl glycidyl ether, vinyl amide, vinyl triazine, vinyl isocyanurate, acrylate, methacrylate, alkacrylate, alkyl alkacrylate, phenyl, halide, thiol, cyano, cyanate, or thiocyanate.

Abstract: Infrared-transparent polymers, useful for LWIR and/or MWIR transparency, are disclosed. The disclosed infrared-transparent polymers are low-cost, damage-resistant, and economically scalable to commercially relevant substrate areas (1 ft2 and greater). In some disclosed infrared-transparent polymers, the carbon-free polymer backbone contains a plurality of polymer repeat units of the form wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, hydroxyl, amino, urea, thiol, thioether, amino alkyls, carboxylates, metals, metal-containing groups, and deuterated forms or combinations thereof; wherein R2 is (independently from R1) selected from the group consisting of alkyls, hydroxyl, amino, urea, thiol, thioether, amino alkyls, carboxylates, metals, metal-containing groups, and deuterated forms or combinations thereof; wherein n is selected from 2 to about 10,000; and wherein the carbon-free polymer backbone is linear, cyclic, branched, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and thermally treating to produce a ceramic material. The disclosure provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic composite with potentially complex 3D shapes. A wide variety of chemical compositions is disclosed, and several experimental examples are included to demonstrate reduction to practice. For example, preceramic resin formulations may contain a carbosilane in which there is at least one functional group selected from vinyl, allyl, ethynyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, ester group, amine, hydroxyl, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, glycidyl, glycidyl ether, vinyl glycidyl ether, vinyl amide, vinyl triazine, vinyl isocyanurate, acrylate, methacrylate, alkacrylate, alkyl alkacrylate, phenyl, halide, thiol, cyano, cyanate, or thiocyanate.

Abstract: Some variations provide a method of forming a transparent icephobic coating, comprising: obtaining a hardenable precursor comprising a first component and a plurality of inclusions containing a second component, wherein one of the first component or the second component is a low-surface-energy polymer, and the other is a hygroscopic material; applying mechanical shear and/or sonication to the hardenable precursor; disposing the hardenable precursor onto a substrate; and curing the hardenable precursor to form a transparent icephobic coating. The coating contains a hardened continuous matrix containing regions of the first component separated from regions of the second component on an average length scale of phase inhomogeneity from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, such as less than 1 micron, or less than 100 nanometers. The transparent icephobic coating may be characterized by a light transmittance of at least 50% at wavelengths from 400 nm to 800 nm, through a 100-micron coating.

Abstract: A cure promoter composition is disclosed, including an accelerator which may include a thiocarbamate, a hydrated thiocarbamate, a dithiocarbamate, a thiazole, a mercaptothiazole, a sulfenamide, a thiazolesulfenamide, a metal salt of thiocarbamate, sulfur chloride, or combinations thereof. The cure promoter composition also includes a compatibilizing carrier, one or more organic solvents, a catalyst, an optional reducing agent, an optional reactive silane, an optional reactive organometallic, an optional gelling agent, and an optional aqueous component.

Abstract: Adhesive formulations for forming a fluorinated poly(imide-phthalonitrile) thermoset polymer are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise a fluorinated imide-phthalonitrile oligomer having Formula IV wherein R1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and does not comprise an ether group; R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and does not comprise an ether group; at least one of R1 and R2 comprises a fluorine substituent; and n has a value of from 1 to 30.

Abstract: A cure promoter composition is disclosed, including an accelerator which may include a thiocarbamate, a hydrated thiocarbamate, a dithiocarbamate, a thiazole, a mercaptothiazole, a sulfenamide, a thiazolesulfenamide, a metal salt of thiocarbamate, sulfur chloride, or combinations thereof. The cure promoter composition also includes a compatibilizing carrier, one or more organic solvents, a catalyst, an optional reducing agent, an optional reactive silane, an optional reactive organometallic, an optional gelling agent, and an optional aqueous component.

Abstract: Phthalonitrile adhesive formulations are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise an etherimide-phthalonitrile oligomer having formula wherein R1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group; R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and n has a value of from 1 to 30. Also provided are methods of making and using the adhesive formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are phthalonitrile adhesive formulations and methods of making and using the adhesive formulations. An illustrative adhesive formulation comprises a phthalonitrile additive selected from a group consisting of 1,2-dicyanobenzene; a derivative of 1,2-dicyanobenzene; and combinations thereof; a bisphthalonitrile compound; and a curing agent; wherein the phthalonitrile additive does not comprise an ether functional group and does not comprise a thioether functional group.