Abstract: A solvent extraction process for removing poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a PFAS laden adsorbent is disclosed. The process comprises introducing a substantially pure solvent at an elevated temperature to a bed of the PFAS laden adsorbent and continuously removing PFAS laden solvent from the adsorbent, wherein the introducing and removing are carried out simultaneously and continuously until a desired amount of PFAS is removed from the adsorbent. Also disclosed is a process for degrading poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to environmentally benign products. The process comprises providing an aqueous solution containing PFAS at a concentration of greater than 50 ppm; and subjecting the aqueous solution to ultrasound using at least one ultrasonic transducer at a frequency and power and for a time sufficient to degrade substantially all of the PFAS in the solution to carbon dioxide and fluoride.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for measuring an amount of an oxidant in a solution is disclosed. The device includes a microfluidic substrate configured to mix a solution sample to be analysed with an indicator dye solution containing an indicator dye under conditions suitable for some of the indicator dye to react with any oxidant in the solution to produce an oxidant measurement solution having a reduced indicator dye concentration that is indicative of the amount of oxidant in the solution, the microfluidic substrate including an optical reading window through which the reduced indicator dye concentration in the oxidant measurement solution can be measured optically.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease or disorder in a patient who is currently taking a cytochrome P450 inhibitor comprising administering to the patient a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, wherein the dose is at least 20% lower than a dose of pimavanserin or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof that would otherwise have been recommended to the patient if the patient were not currently taking the cytochrome P450 inhibitor.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for measuring an amount of an oxidant in a solution is disclosed. The device includes a microfluidic substrate configured to mix a solution sample to be analysed with an indicator dye solution containing an indicator dye under conditions suitable for some of the indicator dye to react with any oxidant in the solution to produce an oxidant measurement solution having a reduced indicator dye concentration that is indicative of the amount of oxidant in the solution, the microfluidic substrate including an optical reading window through which the reduced indicator dye concentration in the oxidant measurement solution can be measured optically.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluid connection port for forming a working fluid connection between a deformable, flexible tube and a fluid handling device, the fluid connection port comprising a bore extending from an exterior surface of the fluid handling device to an internal fluid handling feature, the bore comprising a narrow diameter bore section adjacent the exterior surface of the fluid handling device, a larger diameter bore section adjacent the internal fluid handling feature, and a shoulder separating the narrow diameter bore section and the larger diameter bore section, wherein the diameter of the bore at the narrow diameter bore section is less than the outside diameter of the deformable, flexible tube.

Abstract: Ex vivo methods of detecting and analyzing circulating drug metabolites with drug interaction potential are provided. The methods include the use of clinical plasma samples from subjects who have been administered an investigational drug in vivo. The clinical plasma samples will contain both the parent drug and associated metabolites. A control plasma sample spiked directly with the drug of interest can be used as a standard reference. The plasma samples can be applied to an in vitro test system to evaluate the changes in activity or expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and/or drug transporters in the test systems to determine circulating drug metabolites with drug interaction potential. By comparing the clinical plasma sample to the drug-spiked control, the inhibitory and/or inducing effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes and/or drug transporters can be correctly attributed to the parent drug or its associated metabolites.

Abstract: Ex vivo methods of detecting and analyzing circulating drug metabolites with drug interaction potential are provided. The methods include the use of clinical plasma samples from subjects who have been administered an investigational drug in vivo. The clinical plasma samples will contain both the parent drug and associated metabolites. A control plasma sample spiked directly with the drug of interest can be used as a standard reference. The plasma samples can be applied to an in vitro test system to evaluate the changes in activity or expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and/or drug transporters in the test systems to determine circulating drug metabolites with drug interaction potential. By comparing the clinical plasma sample to the drug-spiked control, the inhibitory and/or inducing effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes and/or drug transporters can be correctly attributed to the parent drug or its associated metabolites.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the enzyme or enzymes in the human body which metabolize a particular drug. Microsomes are obtained from each of several donors. The microsome for one donor is reacted with a test drug and the quantity of metabolites produced is determined. The microsomes are similarly each reacted with the test drug and the quantity of metabolites produced for each microsome is determined to generate drug metabolism data. The drug metabolism data obtained is compared to reference data which indicates the activity of a select number of major enzymes in each of the donors. The reference data for each enzyme is separately tabulated. The enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the test drug is identified when the metabolism data correlates with the tabulated reference data for that enzyme.