Abstract: A method and apparatus for the controlled simulation of respiratory gas exchange as it takes place in mammals, for the primary purpose of calibrating and checking the performance of laboratory and clinical test equipment systems. The method and apparatus can reproduce any range of respiratory performance by pumping and mixing atmospheric air with a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. This invention provides an accurate, economical and rapid apparatus for on-line calibration of analytical respiratory test systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the controlled simulation of respiratory gas exchange as it takes place in mammals, for the primary purpose of calibrating and checking the performance of laboratory and clinical test equipment systems. The method and apparatus can reproduce any range of respiratory performance by pumping and mixing atmospheric air with a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The subject matter of the disclosure provides an accurate, economical and rapid means of on-line calibration of analytical respiratory test systems.

Abstract: A device for enabling testing of a person's physical condition, by enabling easurement of the energy expended by the person to be tested thereby, in manually maintaining rotation of a flywheel in a stationary bicycle, against resistance applied to the flywheel, for use in determining the efficiency of the person's body in using energy, as an indication of such person's physical condition.The device is adapted to overcome inertia of the flywheel, from rest to a selected speed of rotation thereof, in an efficient and effective manner, prior to the onset of the test. Upon the onset of the test, with inertia in the flywheel having been non-manually overcome, the person to be tested is to manually maintain rotation of the flywheel, against resistance applied thereto, by manually rotating pedals operably connected to the flywheel.The device includes a non-manual inertia overcoming mechanism.