Abstract: A method for activating a catalyst comprises the steps of: a) optionally drying the catalyst at a temperature of from 100° C. to 400° C.; b) treating the catalyst with a composition comprising HF at a temperature of from 0° C. to about 500° C.; c) treating the catalyst with a composition comprising an oxidant and optionally HF at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 500° C.

Abstract: A method of recovering a lithium salt from a lithium battery waste mass, comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving the lithium sail in the lithium battery waste mass in a weight of water equivalent to 100 to 0.1 times the weight of the lithium battery waste mass, either in a one-off treatment or successive treatments; (b) evaporating the aqueous solution to dryness; and (c) working up the dry residue with a solvent comprising water, a carbonate, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a non-aqueous battery electrolyte formulation: wherein: R is an optionally fluorinated alky group, conveniently C1-6; each Y is independently H or F. X is H; a halogen, conveniently F; or an alkyl or a fluoroalkyl, conveniently C1-6; each Z is independently a halogen, conveniently F; or H.

Abstract: A method for preparing a partially fluorinated alcohol. comprises reacting an epoxide: wherrein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, haloalkyl with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (1) wherein each R1 to R4 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated, wherein at least one of R1 to R4 is or comprises F.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula (I) in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation wherein R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of CF3, CH2CF3 and CFHCF3:R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, CH3, CH2F, CH2CF3, CH2OR5 and OR5; R3 is an alkyl group, with the formula CnH2n+1?xFx; R4 is H or F; and R5 is an alkyl group substituted N with at least on fluorine substituent, with the proviso that when R1 is CH2CF3 or CFHCF3, R2 is H, F or OR5, wherein the compound C of Formula (I) is present in the electrolyte formulation in an amount of 95 wt. % or less.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation: wherein R is H, F, CF3, alkyl or fluoroalkyl.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula I in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (I) wherein W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br and I; Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, O(CW2)PCW3, (CW2)PCW3, OCY3, OCW3, polyalkyiene glycol and polyoiesfer; n is an integer from 1-1000; one of T1 and T2 is W, the other is (CY2)mCY3; and p is an integer from 0 to 9,

Abstract: A process for the production of 1,1-difluoroethane by the catalytic fluorination, in the vapour phase, of a composition comprising vinyl chloride with hydrogen fluoride, wherein the vinyl chloride is contacted with hydrogen fluoride, at temperatures between 100 and 500° C., in the presence of a catalyst comprising a one or more of chromia, alumina, carbon.

Abstract: A method for preparing a partially fluorinated alcohol, comprises reacting an epoxide: wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, haloalkyl with a fluorinating agent.

Abstract: Use of a composition comprises a compound of Formula 1 and a compound of Formula 2 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation wherein R is a fluorinated alkyl group and X is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated and the group OR can be cis- or trans- to any other group: wherein R and R? are H, F, Cl, CF3, alkyl or fluoroalkyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to formula (Ia) or formula (Ib); wherein each W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I and (CY2)mCY3; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, (CW2)pCW3, CY3, OCW3, O(CW2)pCW3, OCW((CY2)mCY3)CWCW2, (CW2)pOH, polyalkylene glycol and 15 polyolester; n is an integer from 2 to 49; m is an integer from 0 to 3; p is an integer from 0 to 9; the molecular weight average (Mw) is ?5500; and the polydispersity index is ?1.45; compositions comprising these compounds and methods for their production.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula (1) in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation: (Formula (1)) wherein R is H, F, Cl, CF3, alkylr fluoroalkyl.

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (1) wherein R is a fluorinated alkyl group and X is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated and —OR group can be cis- or trans- to any other group X.

Abstract: Use of a formulation comprising a metal ion and a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, haloalkyl and R5 is independently selected from the group CF3, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, perfiuoroalkyl, haloalkyl perfluorohaloalkyl.

Abstract: A coolant for cooling an electrical/electronic element by direct immersion cooling, comprising a partially fluorinated ether with the structure (of compound 1) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently selected from the group CF3, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, haloalkyl perfluorohaloalkyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to formula (Ia) or formula (Ib); wherein each W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I and (CY2)mCY3; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, (CW2)pCW3, CY3, OCW3, O(CW2)pCW3, OCW((CY2)mCY3)CWCW2, (CW2)pOH, polyalkylene glycol and 15 polyolester; n is an integer from 2 to 49; m is an integer from 0 to 3; p is an integer from 0 to 9; the molecular weight average (Mw) is ?5500; and the polydispersity index is ?1.45; compositions comprising these compounds and methods for their production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to formula (Ia) or formula (Ib); wherein each W is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I and (CY2)mCY3; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; each Z is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, (CW2)pCW3, CY3, OCW3, O(CW2)pCW3, OCW((CY2)mCY3)CWCW2, (CW2)pOH, polyalkylene glycol and polyolester; n is an integer from 2 to 49; m is an integer from 0 to 3; p is an integer from 0 to 9; the molecular weight average (MW) is ?5500; and the polydispersity index is ?1.45; compositions comprising these compounds and methods for their production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition, such as a refrigerant composition comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (vinylidene fluoride, R-1132a); trifluoromethane (R-23); and one or more compound selected from hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and carbon dioxide (R-744, CO2).

Abstract: Use of a compound of Formula (I) in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (1) wherein R is a fluorinated alkyl group and X is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated and —OR group can be cis- or trans- to any other group X.