Abstract: A social graph may be modeled as a collection of claims. Each claim is associated with an author, an audience, and an assertion about a fact. Probabilistic information may be collected from various sources for a claim, enabling a social networking system to evaluate a truthfulness of the assertion made in the claim. User-declared profile information may be evaluated as claims. A user, entity, or application may make claims about any assertions made in the social networking system. Reputation scores may be determined for users based on evaluations of their historical assertions. Claims may be evaluated for truthfulness using a probabilistic prediction model using heuristics analysis, regression analysis, and machine learning methods. A claims-based profile of users may be provided to viewers based on the contexts in which the claims were made. Viewers may view claims made about users, such as the users' biographical information, contact information, expertise, and interests.

Abstract: Apparatus (20) for carrying out a prophylactic or treatment procedure on tissue comprises a device (21) having a chamber (22) and at least one active element such as an electrode (23) within the chamber (22). The chamber (22) has an opening (26) through which tissue is drawn into the chamber (22). Means for drawing the tissue into the chamber may comprise a vacuum lumen with vacuum orifices (25) in the chamber (22). Treatment such as electroporation may be applied to tissue in the chamber (22).

Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing and sample preparation for sequencing and amplification.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods for sequencing a nucleic acid template from both a 5? and a 3? end in a single sequencing reaction. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention involve amplifying a nucleic acid template to produce a plurality of amplicons, splitting the amplicons into first and second portions, attaching a first oligonucleotide including a first universal primer site to a 5? end of the amplicons in the first portion, and attaching a second oligonucleotide including a second universal primer site to a 3? end of the amplicons in the second portion. The first and second primer sites may be the same or may be different. The method additionally involves pooling the first and second portions, and sequencing the pooled amplicons, thereby sequencing a nucleic acid template from both a 5? and a 3? end in a single sequencing reaction.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to method for screening for a condition in a subject. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention involve obtaining a pool of nucleic acids from a sample, incubating the nucleic acids with first and second sets of binders, in which the first set binds uniquely to different regions of a target nucleic acid in the pool, the second set binds uniquely to different regions of a reference nucleic acid in the pool, and the first and second sets include different detectable labels, removing unbound binders, detecting the labels, and screening for a condition based upon results of the detecting step.

Abstract: A social networking system that provides a system allowing users of the social networking system to define future plans, whereby users of the social networking system who view the plan are permitted to add themselves to the plan independent of whether they were explicitly specified as attendees of the plan. The social networking system is capable of auto-filling some missing plan details through inference. The social networking system is also capable of merging similar plans together.

Abstract: Devices, systems, kits, and methods for detecting and/or identifying a plurality of spectrally labeled bodies well-suited for performing multiplexed assays. By spectrally labeling the beads with materials which generate identifiable spectra, a plurality of beads may be identified within the fluid. Reading of the beads is facilitated by restraining the beads in arrays, and/or using a focused laser.

Abstract: The invention provides a display interface in a social networking system that enables the presentation of information related to a user in a timeline or map view. The system accesses information about a user of a social networking system, including both data about the user and social network activities related to the user. The system then selects one or more of these pieces of data and/or activities from a certain time period and gathers them into timeline units based on their relatedness and their relevance to users. These timeline units are ranked by relevance to the user, and are used to generate a timeline or map view for the user containing visual representations of the timeline units organized by location or time. The timeline or map view is then provided to other users of the social networking system that wish to view information about the user.

Abstract: The design of the spray nozzle in an aerosol dispenser controls the characteristics of the spray that is produced. In a nozzle that comprises the elements of a multiplicity of inlet channels leading to a swirl chamber and an outlet orifice, the perception of wetness of a spray, such as an aqueous alcoholic deodorant spray, can be reduced by dimensioning the respective elements so that the sum of the widths of the inlet channels is less than the diameter of the swirl chamber and at least 1.5 times the diameter of the outlet orifice and the outlet orifice has a diameter of at least 0.3 mm together with the inlet channels being short, such as less than 0.5 mm. The new nozzle is especially suitable for spraying compositions having a low volatile organic carbon content and compositions comprising a significant proportion of water.

Abstract: The present invention allows an applicant to apply for an account based service via a network connection. When an applicant applies for the account based service, he or she is supplied with features that enhance the value of the account based service. The applicant may select from the features provided, determine how this selection may affect the value of the account based service in relation to its cost and determine if he or she wishes to receive the account based service with the added features. Examples of account based services include credit cards, insurance accounts and telecommunications accounts.

Abstract: The invention provides barcode libraries and methods of making and using them including obtaining a plurality of nucleic acid constructs in which each construct comprises a unique N-mer and a functional N-mer and segregating the constructs into a fluid compartments such that each compartment contains one or more copies of a unique construct. The invention further provides methods for digital PCR and for use of barcode libraries in digital PCR.

Abstract: The design of the spray nozzle in an aerosol dispenser controls the characteristics of the spray that is produced. In a nozzle that comprises the elements of a multiplicity of inlet channels leading to a swirl chamber and an outlet orifice, the perception of wetness of a spray, such as an aqueous alcoholic deodorant spray, can be reduced by dimensioning the respective elements so that the sum of the widths of the inlet channels is less than the diameter of the swirl chamber and at least 1.5 times the diameter of the outlet orifice and the outlet orifice has a diameter of at least 0.3 mm together with the inlet channels being short, such as less than 0.5 mm. The new nozzle is especially suitable for spraying compositions having a low volatile organic carbon content and compositions comprising a significant proportion of water.

Abstract: Described herein is technology for, among other things, performing multi-value lookups to lists having arbitrary schema. The technology involves the creation of first lists having arbitrary schema based on inputs from clients. The clients then create multi-value lookup (MVL) fields, which lookup to the first lists. Queries are then built based on the MVL fields and transmitted to a backend. The results of the queries are received from the backend and then passed on to the clients.

Abstract: An insert comprising a lightweight structure configured for filling the gaps between axially spaced C-shaped lamination stacks and circumferentially spaced non-magnetic cradles on a permanent magnet rotor. The insert is secured to a rib by a dovetail tongue that fits within a dovetail groove provided along the length of each rib. The insert engages the adjacent cradles and has a circumferential surface that has the same radius of curvature as the top surface of the cradles.

Abstract: Apparatus (20) for carrying out a prophylactic or treatment procedure on tissue comprises a device (21) having a chamber (22) and at least one active element such as an electrode (23) within the chamber (22). The chamber (22) has an opening (26) through which tissue is drawn into the chamber (22). Means for drawing the tissue into the chamber may comprise a vacuum lumen with vacuum orifices (25) in the chamber (22). Treatment such as electroporation may be applied to tissue in the chamber (22).

Abstract: Techniques for clients and servers to use the web authoring extensions, and in particular, extended error handling to allow servers to provider richer web authoring error information to clients.

Abstract: Conventions for extending compounded web authoring methods to a web authoring protocol such as WebDAV. More particularly, a request can be provided with special header information to signify a method compounded with a method indicated by a verb in the request. Techniques for clients and servers to use the web authoring extensions. Extended error handling to allow servers to provider richer web authoring error information to clients.

Abstract: Devices, systems, kits, and methods for detecting and/or identifying a plurality of spectrally labeled bodies well-suited for performing multiplexed assays. By spectrally labeling the beads with materials which generate identifiable spectra, a plurality of beads may be identified within the fluid. Reading of the beads is facilitated by restraining the beads in arrays, and/or using a focused laser.

Abstract: A dynamically configurable list management system that supports list elements of multiple content types is presented. Each list element is associated with an element type via an element type identifier. The element type identifier uniquely identifies the element type to the list management system. Each property associated with each element type is included in the list. Each property is identified by a unique property identifier. When adding a list element of a new element type to an existing list that does not include any elements of the new element type, the list management system identifies every property associated with the new element type. For each property associated with the new element type, the list management system determines which properties are not already included in the list, and adds those properties that are not already including to the list.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices and methods for the measurement and/or for the specification of the perceptual intensity of a visual image, or the perceptual distance between a pair of images. Grayscale test and reference images are processed to produce test and reference luminance images. A luminance filter function is convolved with the reference luminance image to produce a local mean luminance reference image. Test and reference contrast images are produced from the local mean luminance reference image and the test and reference luminance images respectively, followed by application of a contrast sensitivity filter. The resulting images are combined according to mathematical prescriptions to produce a Just Noticeable Difference, JND value, indicative of a Spatial Standard Observer, SSO. Some embodiments include masking functions, window functions, special treatment for images lying on or near borders and pre-processing of test images.