Patent number: 6231779
Abstract: A single crystal perovskite material is provided having the formula, M&agr;Bi&bgr;M′&ggr;M″&dgr;O3±z, where M is one or more of Na, K, Rb and Cs; M′ is one or more of Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; and M″ is one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, Sn, Ge, Mg, Zn, Al, Sc, Ga, Nb, Mo, Sb, Ta and W; where z≦0.1; 0.9≦&dgr;≦1.1; &agr;, &bgr; and &ggr; are greater than zero; and (&agr;+&bgr;+&ggr;) is in the range of about 0.75 to 1.1. A perovskite material of the formula, Na&ohgr;M&agr;Bi&bgr;M′&ggr;M″&dgr;O3±z, is provided where M is one or more of K, Rb and Cs; M′ is one or more of Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; M″ is one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, Sn, Ge, Mg, Zn, Al, Sc, Ga, Nb, Mo, Sb, Ta and W; where z≦0.1; 0.9≦&dgr;≦1.1; &agr;, &bgr; and &ggr; are greater than zero; and (&agr;+&bgr;+&ggr;) is in the range of about 0.75 to 1.1.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 19, 1998
Date of Patent:
May 15, 2001
Assignee:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventors:
Yet-Ming Chiang, Gregory W. Farrey, Nesbitt W. Hagood, IV, Andrey Soukhojak, Haifeng Wang