Abstract: An aircraft includes a fuselage, a first wing coupled to the fuselage and including a first wingtip that is movable relative to the fuselage during flight, and a second wing coupled to the fuselage, opposite the first wing, and including a second wingtip that is movable relative to the fuselage and relative to the first wingtip during flight. The aircraft also includes a first camera mounted to the first wingtip of the first wing and a second camera mounted to the second wingtip of the second wing. The aircraft further includes a processing unit configured to determine a real-time distance between the first camera and the second camera as the first camera and the second camera move relative to each other and relative to the fuselage during flight.

Abstract: A method is provided of compensating for variations in distance and orientation between first and second wing-mounted cameras of an aircraft due to flexing of at least one aircraft wing. The method comprises determining a first distance and orientation between the first wing-mounted camera and the second wing-mounted camera during a neutral wing condition of the aircraft. The method further comprises determining a second distance and orientation between the first wing-mounted camera and the second wing-mounted camera during a flexed wing condition of the aircraft. The method also comprises processing the difference between the first and second distances and orientations to provide a real-time varying distance and orientation for use in providing a compensated distance between the first and second wing-mounted cameras.

Abstract: A structural substrate for an aircraft structure and methods are presented. A multi-layer hybrid composite material comprises an outermost layer, an intermediate layer, and an innermost layer. The outermost layer comprises an electrically conductive metal matrix composite that conducts electricity to provide electric heating. The intermediate layer comprises an electrical insulator coupled to the outermost layer. The innermost layer comprises a composite coupled to the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer electrically insulates the outermost layer from the innermost layer.