Abstract: Electrical modules which incorporate multiple state input circuitry limit the in-rush current thereto when electrical energy is initially applied. The input circuitry exhibits a high impedance and subsequently a very low impedance state. When electrical energy is first applied, the high impedance state limits the in-rush current to an acceptable predetermined maximum value. Subsequently, in response to either elapsed time or an electrical parameter such as current flow, the circuit switches to a low impedance state which results in its having no material effect on the operation of the module. The module can incorporate a visual alarm indicating output device, an audible alarm indicating output device or both. The output indicating devices can be synchronized by applied control signals. The output devices can be controlled independently by means of either pulse width modulated control signals or by means of patterns of control pulses.

Abstract: A pulse detection circuit to be used in combination with a generator of a train of synchronizing pulses. The detection circuitry remains in a first, inactive state in the presence of an ongoing sequence of synchronization pulses. In the event of a detected absence of synchronizing pulses for a predetermined period of time, the detection circuitry changes state and generates an electrical output signal indicative of one or more missing synchronizing pulses. The detection circuitry can incorporate either digital or analog timing circuitry.