Abstract: In a method for evaporating a non-gaseous starting material, the starting material is introduced into an evaporation chamber; an evaporation element heats the starting material to create a vapor; a conveying gas flow transports the vapor through a conveying channel and past a sensor, which measures the concentration or partial pressure of the vapor in the gas flow flowing through the conveying channel; and the mass flow of the vapor through the conveying channel is controlled by varying the conveying gas flow with respect to a setpoint value. To keep the vapor flow largely constant over time, a compensating gas flow is fed into the conveying channel at a mixing point disposed between the evaporator and the sensor. A second mass flow controller controls the mass flow of the compensating gas flow such that, when the conveying gas flow varies, the gas flow flowing past the sensor remains constant.

Abstract: In a device and a method for generating vapor in a CVD or PVD device, particles are vaporized by bringing the particles into contact with a first heat transfer surface of a vaporization device. The vapor generated by vaporizing the particles is transported by a carrier gas out of the vaporization device and into a single or multistage modulation device. In a vapor transfer phase, second heat transfer surfaces of the modulation device are adjusted to a first modulation temperature, at which the vapor passes through the modulation device without condensing on the second heat transfer surfaces. At an intermission phase, the second heat transfer surfaces are adjusted to a second modulation temperature, at which at least some of the vapor condenses on the second heat transfer surfaces.

Abstract: A device and a method determines the concentration of a vapor in a volume, in particular for determining or controlling the mass flow of the vapor being conveyed through the volume by a carrier gas. The device comprises a sensor, which supplies a sensor signal that is dependent on the concentration or partial pressure of the vapor. The sensor has an oscillatory body that can be brought to oscillation, the oscillation frequency of which is influenced by a mass accumulation formed on a surface of the oscillating body by the condensed vapor. The oscillating body has a temperature control unit, by means of which the oscillating body can be brought to a temperature below the condensation temperature of the vapor. An evaluation unit determines the concentration or the partial pressure of the vapor from the temporal change of the oscillator frequency.

Abstract: In a device and a method for generating vapor in a CVD or PVD device, particles are vaporized by bringing the particles into contact with a first heat transfer surface of a vaporization device. The vapor generated by vaporizing the particles is transported by a carrier gas out of the vaporization device and into a single or multistage modulation device. In a vapor transfer phase, second heat transfer surfaces of the modulation device are adjusted to a first modulation temperature, at which the vapor passes through the modulation device without condensing on the second heat transfer surfaces. At an intermission phase, the second heat transfer surfaces are adjusted to a second modulation temperature, at which at least some of the vapor condenses on the second heat transfer surfaces.

Abstract: A device and a method determines the concentration of a vapor in a volume, in particular for determining or controlling the mass flow of the vapor being conveyed through the volume by a carrier gas. The device comprises a sensor, which supplies a sensor signal that is dependent on the concentration or partial pressure of the vapor. The sensor has an oscillatory body that can be brought to oscillation, the oscillation frequency of which is influenced by a mass accumulation formed on a surface of the oscillating body by the condensed vapor. The oscillating body has a temperature control unit, by means of which the oscillating body can be brought to a temperature below the condensation temperature of the vapor. An evaluation unit determines the concentration or the partial pressure of the vapor from the temporal change of the oscillator frequency.