Abstract: An antenna includes antenna structure configured to receive electromagnetic radiation and including an antenna geometry. The antenna geometry is configured to cause a variable phase shift in the electromagnetic radiation based on an angular position of a direction of propagation of the electromagnetic radiation relative to azimuth. An angle-of-arrival sensor includes the antenna configured to the receive electromagnetic radiation and to produce a phase-shift signal. A method for determining an angle of arrival of electromagnetic radiation uses the angle-of-arrival sensor.

Abstract: In examples, systems and methods for direction finding of electromagnetic signals are described. The device includes a first antenna configured to receive electromagnetic energy. The device also includes a second antenna configured to separately receive the same electromagnetic energy. The device further includes a radome located in a receiving pathway of the first antenna, where the radome is configured to cause a predetermined phase shift that varies based on an angular position of the receiving pathway. The device includes 1 or more radio receivers to receive the signals independently from the antennas. Additionally, the direction finding device includes a processor configured to determine an angle of arrival of the electromagnetic energy based on a comparison of a phase of the electromagnetic energy received by the first antenna to a phase of the electromagnetic energy received by the second antenna.

Abstract: A method for designing an antenna including defining an operating frequency of an antenna radiating element located within an antenna cavity structure; determining a non-loaded depth of the antenna cavity structure; determining a reduced depth of the antenna cavity structure; determining a reduction factor to reduce the non-loaded depth to the reduced depth; and selecting a dielectric material, at least partially forming a radome structure covering the antenna radiating element, to achieve the reduction factor.

Abstract: In examples, systems and methods for direction finding of electromagnetic signals are described. The device includes a first antenna configured to receive electromagnetic energy. The device also includes a second antenna configured to separately receive the same electromagnetic energy. The device further includes a radome located in a receiving pathway of the first antenna, where the radome is configured to cause a predetermined phase shift that varies based on an angular position of the receiving pathway. The device includes 1 or more radio receivers to receive the signals independently from the antennas. Additionally, the direction finding device includes a processor configured to determine an angle of arrival of the electromagnetic energy based on a comparison of a phase of the electromagnetic energy received by the first antenna to a phase of the electromagnetic energy received by the second antenna.

Abstract: A method for designing an antenna including defining an operating frequency of an antenna radiating element located within an antenna cavity structure; determining a non-loaded depth of the antenna cavity structure; determining a reduced depth of the antenna cavity structure; determining a reduction factor to reduce the non-loaded depth to the reduced depth; and selecting a dielectric material, at least partially forming a radome structure covering the antenna radiating element, to achieve the reduction factor.

Abstract: An antenna includes an antenna cavity structure that defines an antenna cavity and that has a cavity opening. The antenna also includes an antenna radiating element located within the cavity opening and operable to emit electromagnetic radiation that has a frequency and a wavelength and a radome structure covering the cavity opening. The radome structure includes a dielectric material and defines an antenna window that is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation. Due to the dielectric material of the radome structure, the antenna cavity has a depth less than one-fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation and the cavity is filled with a low-dielectric material.

Abstract: An antenna includes an antenna cavity structure that defines an antenna cavity and that has a cavity opening. The antenna also includes an antenna radiating element located within the cavity opening and operable to emit electromagnetic radiation that has a frequency and a wavelength and a radome structure covering the cavity opening. The radome structure includes a dielectric material and defines an antenna window that is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation. Due to the dielectric material of the radome structure, the antenna cavity has a depth less than one-fourth of the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation and the cavity is filled with a low-dielectric material.

Abstract: An antenna system may include a first antenna, and a second antenna opposite the first antenna, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are configured to provide omnidirectional coverage.

Abstract: An antenna system may include a first antenna, and a second antenna opposite the first antenna, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are configured to provide omnidirectional coverage.