Abstract: Example apparatuses, and methods for determining a mechanical stress distribution in a semiconductor material are provided. An example apparatus includes a sensing cell group and voltage conversion circuitry. The sensing cell group is disposed on a surface of a semiconductor material and includes a plurality of stress sensing structures each having a different combination of sensing characteristics. Each of the stress sensing structures detect a component of a mechanical stress on the semiconductor material and generate an electrical signal representing the component of the mechanical stress. The voltage conversion circuitry receives the electrical signal representing the component of the mechanical stress from each stress sensing structure and generates a stress voltage representing the component of the mechanical stress.

Abstract: The control circuit for a MEMS gyroscope is configured to receive a measurement signal which has a quadrature component and a sensing component. The control circuit has: an input stage which acquires an input signal, generating an acquisition signal, where the input signal is a function of the measurement signal and of a quadrature cancellation signal; a processing stage which extracts a first component of the acquisition signal, indicative of the sensing component of the measurement signal and having a sensing frequency band; and a quadrature correction stage which extracts a second component of the acquisition signal, indicative of the quadrature component of the measurement signal, and generates the quadrature cancellation signal from a reference signal. The quadrature cancellation signal is a signal modulated as a function of the second component of the acquisition signal, at an update frequency which is outside the sensing frequency band.

Abstract: The control circuit for a MEMS gyroscope is configured to receive a measurement signal which has a quadrature component and a sensing component. The control circuit has: an input stage which acquires an input signal, generating an acquisition signal, where the input signal is a function of the measurement signal and of a quadrature cancellation signal; a processing stage which extracts a first component of the acquisition signal, indicative of the sensing component of the measurement signal and having a sensing frequency band; and a quadrature correction stage which extracts a second component of the acquisition signal, indicative of the quadrature component of the measurement signal, and generates the quadrature cancellation signal from a reference signal. The quadrature cancellation signal is a signal modulated as a function of the second component of the acquisition signal, at an update frequency which is outside the sensing frequency band.

Abstract: A notch filter suitable for attenuating certain frequencies of a radio-frequency signal includes an input for receiving the radio-frequency signal and an output for the output of a portion of the radio-frequency signal, first and second capacitive means, at least one inductor and a negative resistance circuit suitable for compensating the resistive losses of said at least one inductor. The inductor and the first and second capacitive means are placed to produce a resonator and the filter comprises a control device suitable for controlling the negative resistance circuit. The input impedance of the filter comprises a pole and a zero, with the pole depending on the second capacitive means and the zero depending on both the first and second capacitive means. The first and second capacitive means are variable and the control device is suitable for controlling the first and second capacitive means.

Abstract: A notch filter suitable for attenuating certain frequencies of a radio-frequency signal includes an input for receiving the radio-frequency signal and an output for the output of a portion of the radio-frequency signal, first and second capacitive means, at least one inductor and a negative resistance circuit suitable for compensating the resistive losses of said at least one inductor. The inductor and the first and second capacitive means are placed to produce a resonator and the filter comprises a control device suitable for controlling the negative resistance circuit. The input impedance of the filter comprises a pole and a zero, with the pole depending on the second capacitive means and the zero depending on both the first and second capacitive means. The first and second capacitive means are variable and the control device is suitable for controlling the first and second capacitive means.

Abstract: A notch filter suitable for attenuating certain frequencies of a radio-frequency signal includes an input for receiving the radio-frequency signal and an output for the output of a portion of the radio-frequency signal, first and second capacitive means, at least one inductor and a negative resistance circuit suitable for compensating the resistive losses of said at least one inductor. The inductor and the first and second capacitive means are placed to produce a resonator and the filter comprises a control device suitable for controlling the negative resistance circuit. The input impedance of the filter comprises a pole and a zero, with the pole depending on the second capacitive means and the zero depending on both the first and second capacitive means. The first and second capacitive means are variable and the control device is suitable for controlling the first and second capacitive means.

Abstract: A notch filter suitable for attenuating certain frequencies of a radio-frequency signal includes an input for receiving the radio-frequency signal and an output for the output of a portion of the radio-frequency signal, first and second capacitive means, at least one inductor and a negative resistance circuit suitable for compensating the resistive losses of said at least one inductor. The inductor and the first and second capacitive means are placed to produce a resonator and the filter comprises a control device suitable for controlling the negative resistance circuit. The input impedance of the filter comprises a pole and a zero, with the pole depending on the second capacitive means and the zero depending on both the first and second capacitive means. The first and second capacitive means are variable and the control device is suitable for controlling the first and second capacitive means.

Abstract: An exponentially variable gain mixer circuit includes an oscillating circuit generating an alternating differential signal. A correction circuit is connected to the oscillating circuit and includes a first amplifier and a differential amplifier. The first amplifier receives an external gain variation command and generates a differential output signal that includes a control voltage and a bias voltage. The differential amplifier receives the alternating differential signal and generates a differential modulation signal. A variable gain mixer receives an input differential signal and generates an amplified differential signal as a function of the differential modulation signal and the control voltage.

Abstract: An exponentially variable gain mixer circuit includes an oscillating circuit generating an alternating differential signal. A correction circuit is connected to the oscillating circuit and includes a first amplifier and a differential amplifier. The first amplifier receives an external gain variation command and generates a differential output signal that includes a control voltage and a bias voltage. The differential amplifier receives the alternating differential signal and generates a differential modulation signal. A variable gain mixer receives an input differential signal and generates an amplified differential signal as a function of the differential modulation signal and the control voltage.

Abstract: A circuit switches a capacitive value in an exclusive manner to a selected integrated amplifier among a plurality of integrated amplifiers. The circuit includes a first current generator connected between a first supply node and a first node of the circuit, and a second current generator connected between a second supply node and a second node of the circuit. The second current generator is electrically in parallel with the capacitor. An array of switches equal in number to the integrated amplifiers are exclusively switched ON for connecting a directly biased diode between the first node and the second node. Each integrated amplifier has a supply node coupled to a connecting node between a respective diode and a respective connecting switch of the array of switches.