Abstract: The invention relates to a method for characterizing a cell or tissue culture sample based on multiple cellular signaling pathway activities. The cellular signaling pathway activities are preferably determined based on expression levels of target genes of the respective pathways. The invention further describes products useful for the method having primers for the detection of pathway target genes, and uses of the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods based on gene expression levels to predict treatment response to an anti-TNFalpha compound in inflammatory bowel disease patients based on a pre-treatment biopsy, and a method of determining the treatment effectiveness of such treatment based on a biopsy obtained after initiation of the treatment with an anti-TNFalpha compound. The prediction is based on the determination of cellular signaling pathway activity, in particular a pathway selected from TGFbeta, NFkB, MAPK-AP1, STAT3 and WNT, preferably wherein the cellular signaling pathway is selected from TGFbeta and NFkB. When determining the treatment effectiveness, the cellular signaling pathway is AR and/or MAPK-AP1 if the IBD is UC and wherein if the IBD is CD, the cellular signaling pathway is MAPK-AP1 and/or NFkB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the immunosuppressive state of a subject having a tumor by analyzing the Notch cellular signaling pathways activity. The method can be used in assessing whether immune checkpoint inhibitors are a suitable treatment option for the subject. The invention further relates kits and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method for estimating heterogeneity of a tumour based on values for two or more genome mutation and/or gene expression related parameters for at least two spatially differentiated areas in a sample, the sample being a tissue sample of a tumour or a liquid sample obtained from a subject having the tumour, the method comprising the steps of determining a sample heterogeneity score for the heterogeneity of the sample based on variabilities of each measured value for the at least two spatially differentiated areas, estimating the heterogeneity of the tumour by extrapolating the score for the heterogeneity of the sample to the tumour, thereby providing a tumour heterogeneity score.

Abstract: A bioinformatics process which provides an improved means to detect a MAPK-AP-1 cellular signaling pathway in a subject, such as a human, based on the expression levels of at least three unique target genes of the MAPK-AP-1 cellular signaling pathway measured in a sample. The invention includes an apparatus comprising a digital processor configured to perform such a method, a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions that are executable by a digital processing device to perform such a method, and a computer program comprising program code means for causing a digital processing device to perform such a method. Kits are also provided for measuring expression levels of unique sets of MAPK-AP-1 cellular signaling pathway target genes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the differentiation state of a stem cell, based on cellular signaling pathway activities. The method can be used to determine the pluripotency, multipotency or unipotency of a stem cell. The invention further relates to a method for generating a reference library for use in the method for determining the differentiation state. The invention further relates a non-transitory storage medium for executing the method, a kit of parts suitable for performing the method and use of the kit of parts in performing the method of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining whether a subject with an infection has a viral infection. The invention further relates to method for determining the cellular immune response to a viral infection or a vaccine. The methods may be performed on a blood sample obtained from a subject, and is based on the finding that specific cellular signaling pathways are active. The invention further relates to components for performing the methods and use of those components in a method of diagnosis.

Abstract: The present application mainly relates to a method for determining a prognosis for a subject diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The method comprises determining the prognosis based on activities of at least two cellular signaling pathways including a phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and a nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB or NF?B) pathway in a sample of the subject. The present application also relates to a method for identifying a subject diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer that will be suitable for a PI3K pathway targeting therapy or an NFkB pathway targeting therapy. The method comprises identifying the subject based on activities of at least two cellular signaling pathways including a PI3K pathway and an NFkB pathway in a sample of the subject. The present application further relates to corresponding apparatuses, non-transitory storage media, computer programs and kits.

Abstract: A bioinformatics process which provides an improved means to detect a JAK-STAT1/2 cellular signaling pathway in a subject, such as a human, based on the expression levels of at least three unique target genes of the JAK-STAT1/2 cellular signaling pathway measured in a sample. The invention includes an apparatus comprising a digital processor configured to perform such a method, a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions that are executable by a digital processing device to perform such a method, and a computer program comprising program code means for causing a digital processing device to perform such a method. Kits are also provided for measuring expression levels of unique sets of JAK-STAT1/2 cellular signaling pathway target genes.

Abstract: Target genes of the NFkB cellular signaling pathway are disclosed, which are associated with a cellular function such as cell division, apoptosis or protection against oxidative stress of an active NFkB cellular signaling pathway and can be used for determining a cellular function of an active NFkB cellular signaling in a human subject.

Abstract: The present application mainly relates to specific methods for inferring activity of one or more cellular signaling pathway(s) in tissue of a medical subject based at least on the expression level(s) of one or more target gene(s) of the cellular signaling pathway(s) measured in an extracted sample of the tissue of the medical subject, an apparatus comprising a digital compressor configured to perform such methods and a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions that are executable by a digital processing device to perform such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to means and methods that can be used—based on a blood sample of a subject having sepsis, a subject suspected to have sepsis or a subject at risk to develop sepsis, to diagnose the subject with sepsis. The methods can further be used for making a prediction, e.g. whether the subject is likely to develop sepsis, or whether the subject has a high mortality risk as a result of sepsis. The invention further provides for compounds for use in the treatment or prevention of sepsis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer-implemented method for inferring activity of a PR cellular signaling pathway in a subject based on expression levels of three or more target genes of the PR cellular signaling pathway measured in a sample of the subject. The present invention further relates to an apparatus, to a non-transitory storage medium, and to a computer program for inferring activity of a PR cellular signaling pathway in a subject. The present invention further relates to a kit for measuring expression levels of three or more target genes of the PR cellular signaling pathway in a sample of a subject, to a kit for inferring activity of a PR cellular signaling pathway in a subject, and to the use of such kits in performing the method.

Abstract: The application relates to a sample holder (110) and a system (100). The application also relates to a method for processing a biological sample (S) and use of the sample holder or of the system in an analytical method or a diagnostic method. The sample holder (110) comprises a tubular member (111) with a wall that is at least locally transparent and at least locally permeable for reagents, wherein the tubular member consists at least partially of a transparent material.

Abstract: The present application mainly relates to specific methods for inferring activity of one or more cellular signaling pathway(s) in tissue of a medical subject based at least on the expression level(s) of one or more target gene(s) of the cellular signaling pathway(s) measured in an extracted sample of the tissue of the medical subject, an apparatus comprising a digital compressor configured to perform such methods and a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions that are executable by a digital processing device to perform such methods.

Abstract: A flow control device comprises a laminate structure of an electroactive material layer and a non-actuatable layer. An array of orifices is formed in one of the layers wherein the orifices are open in one of the rest state and actuated state and the orifices are closed in the other of the rest state and actuated state. Actuation of the electroactive material layer causes orifices to open and close so that flow control function may be implemented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising inferring activity of a PI3K cellular signaling pathway in a tissue and/or cells and/or a body fluid of a medical subject based at least on expression levels of one or more target gene(s) of the PI3K cellular signaling pathway measured in an extracted sample of the tissue and/or the cells and/or the body fluid of the medical subject. The present invention further relates to an apparatus comprising a digital processor configured to perform such a method, a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions that are executable by a digital processing device to perform such a method, and a computer program comprising program code means for causing a digital processing device to perform such a method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to means and methods that can identify subjects, who have abnormal changes in airway epithelium and/or are at increased risk for developing an airway cancer, based on a combination of activities of signaling pathways in an epithelial cell sample derived from an airway of the subject. The signaling pathways comprise two or more signaling pathways selected from the group consisting of a TGF-? pathway, a P13K-FOXO pathway, and a Notch pathway.

Abstract: A biopsy device is provided comprising a tubular member, a hollow shaft and an elongated fiber body. The hollow shaft may have a distal end and a shaft, wherein a laterally (sidewardly) facing notch is formed in the distal portion of the shaft. The elongated fiber body may include at least one optical fiber, preferably at least two optical fibers, with a distal end. The tubular member is movable relative to the shaft, between a first position in which the notch is covered by the tubular member, and a second position in which the notch is not covered by the tubular member. The fiber body is movable within the shaft, between a first position in which the distal end of the optical fiber is located at the distal end of the shaft with the elongated fiber body extending through the notch, and a second position in which the distal end of the at least one optical fiber is located proximally to the notch.

Abstract: A method for determining a risk score that indicates a risk that a clinical event will occur within a certain period of time. The risk score is based at least in part on a combination of inferred activities of two or more cellular signaling pathways in a tissue and/or cells and/or a body fluid of a subject. The cellular signaling pathways comprise a Wnt pathway, an ER pathway, an HH pathway, and/or an AR pathway. The risk score is defined such that the indicated risk that the clinical event will occur within the certain period of time decreases with an increasing PER and increases with an increasing max(PWnt, PHH), wherein PER, PWnt, and PHH denote the inferred activity of the ER pathway, the Wnt pathway, and the HH pathway, respectively.