Abstract: The present invention discloses with the development of ecofriendly and biodegradable lubricant formulation useful for micro electro mechanical systems and process thereof. The new generation Mineral oil free lubricant formulations were developed by esterification of polyols such as 2,2-dimethyl, 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propane diol, and aliphatic di carboxylic acids like adipic and azelaic and with mono alcohol, using heterogeneous catalyst Indion 140 with cation exchange properties. The said formulation has a viscosity in the range of 31 to 47 cSt at 40° C., a high viscosity index of 139-196, pour point of approximately <?39° C. with a multifunctional EP additive of recommended dose of 1.5-4%.

Abstract: Processes for the production of transportation fuel from a renewable feedstock. A catalyst is used which is more selective to hydrodeoxygenate the fatty acid side chains compared to decarboxylation and decarbonylation reactions. A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be supplied to the conversion zone. Water may also be introduced into the conversion zone to increase the amount of hydrogen.

Abstract: Processes for pyrolyzing biomass. A catalyst is used to both pyrolyze and deoxygenate the biomass within the pyrolysis zone. A source of carbon monoxide is also passed to the pyrolysis reactor. The source of carbon monoxide may comprise a stream of gas that includes carbon monoxide, or a material capable of generating or being converted in carbon monoxide within the pyrolysis zone. The carbon monoxide may be used as a reactant for a water gas shift reaction or as a reducing agent to remove oxygen from oxygenated hydrocarbons. The catalyst preferably comprises iron (III) oxide.

Abstract: Processes for the production of transportation fuel from a renewable feedstock. A catalyst is used which is more selective to hydrodeoxygenate the fatty acid side chains compared to decarboxylation and decarbonylation reactions. A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be supplied to the conversion zone. Water may also be introduced into the conversion zone to increase the amount of hydrogen.

Abstract: Processes for the production of transportation fuel from a renewable feedstock. A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is used to deoxygenate and hydrogenate the glycerides to produce long chain hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons may be isomerized to improve cold flow properties to provide a diesel fuel. Prior to isomerization, the long chain hydrocarbons can be separated or the separation can be after isomerization. Recycle gas streams from the isomerization and the deoxygenation and hydrogenation reactions may be used to supply at least a portion of the gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Synthesis gas may also be used to supply at least a portion of the gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: Processes for the production of hydrocarbons from a renewable feedstock in which the renewable feedstock is partially hydrogenated prior to being deoxygenated. The partially hydrogenation utilizes a lower pressure, lower purity or both hydrogen gas compared to the deoxygenation. The partially hydrogenated product may be stored in containers and transported to be deoxygenated. Prior to partially hydrogenation, the feedstock may be pretreated. After deoxygenation an isomerization zone may be used to increase the cold flow properties for a diesel fuel.

Abstract: Processes for pyrolyzing biomass. A catalyst is used to both pyrolyze and deoxygenate the biomass within the pyrolysis zone. A source of carbon monoxide is also passed to the pyrolysis reactor. The source of carbon monoxide may comprise a stream of gas that includes carbon monoxide, or a material capable of generating or being converted in carbon monoxide within the pyrolysis zone. The carbon monoxide may be used as a reactant for a water gas shift reaction or as a reducing agent to remove oxygen from oxygenated hydrocarbons. The catalyst preferably comprises iron (III) oxide.

Abstract: Processes for the production of transportation fuel from a renewable feedstock. A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is used to deoxygenate and hydrogenate the glycerides to produce long chain hydrocarbons. Water is also introduced into the reaction zone to increase the amount of hydrogen and to increase the utilization of carbon monoxide within the reaction zone. Synthesis gas may also be used to supply at least a portion of the gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The amount of hydrogen equivalents in the reaction zone is at least 100% of a stoichiometric hydrogen demand within the reaction zone.

Abstract: Processes for the production of transportation fuel from a renewable feedstock. A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is used to deoxygenate and hydrogenate the glycerides to produce long chain hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons may be isomerized to improve cold flow properties to provide a diesel fuel. Prior to isomerization, the long chain hydrocarbons can be separated or the separation can be after isomerization. Recycle gas streams from the isomerization and the deoxygenation and hydrogenation reactions may be used to supply at least a portion of the gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Synthesis gas may also be used to supply at least a portion of the gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: Processes for the production of hydrocarbons from a renewable feedstock in which the renewable feedstock is partially hydrogenated prior to being deoxygenated. The partially hydrogenation utilizes a lower pressure, lower purity or both hydrogen gas compared to the deoxygenation. The partially hydrogenated product may be stored in containers and transported to be deoxygenated. Prior to partially hydrogenation, the feedstock may be pretreated. After deoxygenation an isomerization zone may be used to increase the cold flow properties for a diesel fuel.

Abstract: Methods for co-processing pyrolysis oil streams and fuel processing apparatuses are provided. In one example, a method for co-processing a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream is provided. The method includes mixing the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream with a surfactant to form an emulsion. The method introduces the emulsion to a reaction zone in an fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The method includes contacting the emulsion with a catalyst in the reaction zone to form an FCC product stream.

Abstract: A lipid-based composition including pyrolysis oil derived from biomass, a non-ionic surfactant, and a lipid feedstock is described. The lipid-based composition forms a single-phase, stable mixture. A method of making the lipid-based composition is also described. The lipid-based composition can be used in processes designed for pure lipid feedstocks without the need for any upgrading of the pyrolysis oil and little if any process modification.