Abstract: The disclosure relates to modulating pyruvate kinase and provides novel chemical compounds useful as activators of PKR, as well as various uses of these compounds. PKR activating compounds are useful in the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with PKR and/or PKM2, such as pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD), sickle cell disease (SCD), and thalassemia.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to magnetic recording devices with stable magnetization. The magnetic recording device comprises a lower leading shield, an upper leading shield disposed on the lower leading shield, a main pole disposed above the upper leading shield, a trailing shield disposed above the main pole and upper leading shield, and an upper return pole disposed above the trailing shield. A first non-magnetic layer is disposed between the lower leading shield and the upper leading shield, and a second non-magnetic layer is disposed between the trailing shield and the upper return pole. The lower leading shield has a different domain state than the upper leading shield, and the trailing shield and the upper leading shield have a same domain state. The materials and thickness of the first and second non-magnetic layers result in magnetostatic coupling or anti-ferromagnetic coupling.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to magnetic recording devices with stable magnetization. The magnetic recording device comprises a lower leading shield, an upper leading shield disposed on the lower leading shield, a main pole disposed above the upper leading shield, a trailing shield disposed above the main pole and upper leading shield, and an upper return pole disposed above the trailing shield. A first non-magnetic layer is disposed between the lower leading shield and the upper leading shield, and a second non-magnetic layer is disposed between the trailing shield and the upper return pole. The lower leading shield has a different domain state than the upper leading shield, and the trailing shield and the upper leading shield have a same domain state. The materials and thickness of the first and second non-magnetic layers result in magnetostatic coupling or anti-ferromagnetic coupling.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and an electrically conductive portion located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The electrically conductive portion is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack, and the electrically conductive portion includes at least one electrically conductive, non-magnetic material layer. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the electrically conductive portion across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the electrically conductive portion.

Abstract: A system and method to screen for malignant gliomas, other brain tumors, and brain injuries use disturbance coefficient, differential impedances, and artificial neural networks. The system uses prescribed excitation signals with several system configurations to measure the differential impedances, calculate harmonic responses and nonlinearity of brain tissue, and estimate the disturbance coefficient that indicates the likelihood of malignant gliomas, other brain tumors, and brain injuries. The disturbance coefficient is a weighted sum of many parameters such as receiving differential impedances, transmission differential impedances, harmonic responses, frequency dispersion, and nonlinear responses using different system configurations and different excitation signals. The method includes arranging the transmitters, receivers, and transmission lines to maximize the sensitivity of detecting brain tissue condition.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and a record element located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The record element includes an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material portion which is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the record element across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the record element.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and a record element located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The record element includes an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material portion which is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the record element across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the record element.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and an electrically conductive portion located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The electrically conductive portion is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack, and the electrically conductive portion includes at least one electrically conductive, non-magnetic material layer. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the electrically conductive portion across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the electrically conductive portion.

Abstract: A magnetic recording write head has an electrically-conductive structure in the write gap between the write pole and the trailing shield and electrical circuitry for directing current through the write gap. The current through the electrically-conductive structure generates a circular Ampere field which, at the disk-facing end of the write pole, is substantially parallel to the disk-facing end of the write pole. The electrically-conductive structure in the write gap may be a STO or an electrically-conductive layer that is not part of a STO. The current direction through the electrically-conductive structure in the write gap is selected so that the generated Ampere field at the write pole end is in substantially the same direction as the magnetization direction of the write head side shields, which has been discovered to result in minimization of cross-track interference.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and an electrically conductive portion located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The electrically conductive portion is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack, and the electrically conductive portion includes at least one electrically conductive, non-magnetic material layer. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the electrically conductive portion across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the electrically conductive portion.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and an electrically conductive portion located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The electrically conductive portion is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack, and the electrically conductive portion includes at least one electrically conductive, non-magnetic material layer. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the electrically conductive portion across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the electrically conductive portion.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and a record element located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The record element includes an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material portion which is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the record element across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the record element.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and a record element located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The record element includes an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material portion which is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the record element across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the record element.

Abstract: A magnetic recording write head has an electrically-conductive structure in the write gap between the write pole and the trailing shield and electrical circuitry for directing current through the write gap. The current through the electrically-conductive structure generates a circular Ampere field which, at the disk-facing end of the write pole, is substantially parallel to the disk-facing end of the write pole. The electrically-conductive structure in the write gap may be a STO or an electrically-conductive layer that is not part of a STO. The current direction through the electrically-conductive structure in the write gap is selected so that the generated Ampere field at the write pole end is in substantially the same direction as the magnetization direction of the write head side shields, which has been discovered to result in minimization of cross-track interference.

Abstract: A magnetic recording write head has an electrically-conductive structure in the write gap between the write pole and the trailing shield and electrical circuitry for directing current through the write gap. The current through the electrically-conductive structure generates a circular Ampere field which, at the disk-facing end of the write pole, is substantially parallel to the disk-facing end of the write pole. The electrically-conductive structure in the write gap may be a STO or an electrically-conductive layer that is not part of a STO. The current direction through the electrically-conductive structure in the write gap is selected so that the generated Ampere field at the write pole end is in substantially the same direction as the magnetization direction of the write head side shields, which has been discovered to result in minimization of cross-track interference.

Abstract: A method of reactive extrusion copolymerization of vinyl monomer consisting of (1) feeding vinyl monomer or at least one vinyl monomer together with an initiator into the first screw of twin-screw extruder, and modified resin into the subsequent screw section; (2) feeding the above monomer into the screw segment after auto-acceleration zone and feeding the initiator corresponding to the temperature of barrel and micro/nano inorganic modified fillers after the half-life period of the initiator; (3) feeding the antioxidant and anti-UV agent at the end of the polymerization, and then removing unpolymerized monomer and by-products by devolatilization of screw segment; (4) obtaining vinyl copolymer resin with a anticipated molecular weight of 5×102 to 6×105 from the reactive extrusion polymerization by controlling the temperature of different screw segments.

Abstract: A magnetic recording write head has an electrically-conductive structure in the write gap between the write pole and the trailing shield and electrical circuitry for directing current through the write gap. The current through the electrically-conductive structure generates a circular Ampere field which, at the disk-facing end of the write pole, is substantially parallel to the disk-facing end of the write pole. The electrically-conductive structure in the write gap may be a STO or an electrically-conductive layer that is not part of a STO. The current direction through the electrically-conductive structure in the write gap is selected so that the generated Ampere field at the write pole end is in substantially the same direction as the magnetization direction of the write head side shields, which has been discovered to result in minimization of cross-track interference.

Abstract: A method of reactive extrusion copolymerization of vinyl monomer consisting of (1) feeding vinyl monomer or at least one vinyl monomer together with an initiator into the first screw of twin-screw extruder, and modified resin into the subsequent screw section; (2) feeding the above monomer into the screw segment after auto-acceleration zone and feeding the initiator corresponding to the temperature of barrel and micro/nano inorganic modified fillers after the half-life period of the initiator; (3) feeding the antioxidant and anti-UV agent at the end of the polymerization, and then removing unpolymerized monomer and by-products by devolatilization of screw segment; (4) obtaining vinyl copolymer resin with a anticipated molecular weight of 5×102 to 6×105 from the reactive extrusion polymerization by controlling the temperature of different screw segments.

Abstract: A system and method to screen for malignant gliomas, other brain tumors, and brain injuries use disturbance coefficient, differential impedances, and artificial neural networks. The system uses prescribed excitation signals with several system configurations to measure the differential impedances, calculate harmonic responses and nonlinearity of brain tissue, and estimate the disturbance coefficient that indicates the likelihood of malignant gliomas, other brain tumors, and brain injuries. The disturbance coefficient is a weighted sum of many parameters such as receiving differential impedances, transmission differential impedances, harmonic responses, frequency dispersion, and nonlinear responses using different system configurations and different excitation signals. The method includes arranging the transmitters, receivers, and transmission lines to maximize the sensitivity of detecting brain tissue condition.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of water-soluble cellulose hydrolysis products The process comprises admixing cellulose with an ionic liquid capable of solvating or dissolving at least some of the cellulose, said ionic liquid being a compound comprised solely of cations and anions and which exists in a liquid state at a temperature at or below 150° C., and in which the anions are selected from sulfate, hydrogen sulfate and nitrate; and treating the resulting solvate or solution with an acid in the presence of water, said acid having a pKa in water of less than 2 at 25° C.