Abstract: A circuit may include a current generator coupled to a first voltage source. The current generator may be configured to generate a first current, and mirror the first current into a second current and a third current. The circuit may include a proportional to absolute temperature (“PTAT”) voltage generator coupled to the current generator and a second voltage source. The PTAT voltage generator may be configured to receive the second current from the current generator, and generate a third voltage based on the second current. The circuit may include a complementary to absolute temperature (“CTAT”) voltage generator coupled to the current generator and to the PTAT voltage generator. The CTAT voltage generator may be configured to receive the first current and the third current from the current generator, and generate a reference voltage based on the first current, the second current, and the third voltage.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a codeword format for data storage and to methods and circuits for generating a codeword based on data to be written in memory and extracting data from a codeword read from memory. In an example, an integrated circuit includes a memory system and a controller circuit. The controller circuit is communicatively coupled to the memory system and is configured to: receive multi-bit data; generate a codeword based on the multi-bit data; and transmit to the memory system the codeword for writing to memory. The codeword has a format that includes first bit positions for the multi-bit data, second bit positions for a bitwise inversion of the multi-bit data, a third bit position for an odd parity value, and a fourth bit position for an even parity value. The odd and even parity values indicate an odd and even parity, respectively, of the multi-bit data.