Abstract: An optical element is provided, which is transparent at a wavelength of use ?, and which has a super-hydrophobic nanostructured surface that has an anti-reflection property, the surface having an array of pads. —The pads have a nanoscale width, a height h, an aspect ratio of less than 1/2, and the pitch p of the array is such that p<h and the element comprises a top layer of thickness less than h/5 which covers without discontinuity and conformally the nanostructured surface, the top layer being obtained via a step of annealing at a temperature comprised between 500° C. and 1200° C. and being in a material of a hardness greater than the hardness of the material of said nanostructured surface.

Abstract: Color display system, which includes an electrooptic modulation screen (LCD) and in which a chromatic modulator (RC) is provided between the multiple-wavelength light source (S, C) and the screen (LCD). This chromatic modulator modulates a wavelength or a restricted range of wavelengths of the source in order to adjust the saturation of the various primaries transmitted to the screen as well as to effect colorimetric balance. Applications include liquid-crystal color displays.

Abstract: A compact illumination device intended especially for illuminating an active matrix in a monochromatic or trichromatic display device. This device includes a source and collimating device in order to deliver a lighting direction from the source along a direction (Dy) and two optical components (M1) and (M2) which anamorphose the lighting in a direction parallel to the direction (Dy) and in a direction (Dz) perpendicular to the direction (Dy), respectively. These components may typically be of the holographic grating type operating in transmission or in reflection.

Abstract: A display device including an illuminating source which emits radiation and a spatial light modulator illuminated by the radiation. The modulator includes a matrix of N.times.M elementary pixels (X.sub.i,j) of dimensions d.sub.N .times.d.sub.M, the pixels X.sub.i,j and X.sub.1+i,j being separated by a spacing p.sub.N. The radiation is collimated in each pixel. The spacing p.sub.N is greater by at least an order of magnitude than the dimension d.sub.M. The display may be used as a flat television screen.

Abstract: The color display device includes at least a light source which emits at least two primary wavelengths and an array of holographic lenses (HL). Also included is a spatial light modulator (LCD) which includes one picture element (pixel) for each holographic lens with each pixel including one subpixel for each wavelength to be displayed. Each of the holographic lenses disperses the various wavelength and focuses each of them into one of the subpixels. The structure allows for a single lens structure for the various wavelengths.