Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, a plurality of images as search results returned based at least in part on a search string for an item in the form of a tuple including an item class, an action and an actor. The method further includes determining, by the processing device, whether the search string is effective at indicating a common item use based on image similarity. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use, generating, by the processing device, an alternative search string.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for using table-based groundtruth to train a question-answer (QA) system, comprising: receiving a corpus of text comprising unstructured text and a table; performing QA pair generation operations on the unstructured text and the table to generate QA pairs, the QA pairs being based upon information obtained from the table; assigning a score to each QA pair, the score corresponding to an indicator of user interest.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, a plurality of images returned as results to an executed search string in the form of a tuple including an item class, an action and an actor. The method further includes generating, by the processing device, a collection similarity score by comparing at least one of the plurality of images to at least one other of the plurality of images. The method further includes determining, by the processing device, whether the collection similarity score exceeds a collection threshold. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the similarity score does not exceed the collection threshold, indicating that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, an item identifier. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, an item description based at least in part on the item identifier. The method further includes identifying, by the processing device, a tuple indicating a common item use based at least in part on the item description. The method further includes constructing, by the processing device, a search string based at least in part on the tuple. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, at least one image based at least in part on the search string.

Abstract: A system and a computer program product are provided for evaluating question-answer pairs in an answer key by comparing a first answer key answer to a plurality of candidate answers to determine if the answer key may have a problem if the plurality of candidate answers are more similar to one another than to the first answer and to determine if the plurality of candidate answers has gradient information which may be used to update the answer key if not already included in the answer key.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for converting clinical criteria constraints for a target structure of radiation therapy into a second set of constraints. The method includes selecting, by a hardware processor, a plurality of clusters of voxels in the target structure based on pre-specified criteria. The method further includes assigning, by the hardware processor, each of the plurality of clusters of voxels a respective constraint that specifies one or more bounds on a radiation dose applied to each voxel in a corresponding one of the plurality of clusters of voxels. The method also includes storing, in a memory device, the respective constraint for each of the plurality of clusters of voxels.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes constructing, by a processing device, a search string based at least in part on a tuple including an item class, an action, and an actor. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, a plurality of images based at least in part on the search string for an item. The method further includes evaluating, by the processing device, the retrieved plurality of images based on a similarity to determine whether the search string is effective at indicating a common item use. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use, generating, by the processing device, an alternative search string.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor receives input from a user, processes a first portion of the input via more than one service module while receiving a second portion of the input to determine a first speculative result, wherein processing the first portion of the input comprises executing at least one service module coupled to a corresponding speculation buffer, processes a second portion of the input via the more than one service module to determine a second speculative result, wherein processing the second portion of the input comprises executing the at least one service module coupled to the corresponding speculation buffer, processes the input via the more than one service module to determine a final output, wherein processing the input comprises executing the at least one service module coupled to the corresponding speculation buffer, and outputs the final output to the user.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for automating the generation of table-based groundtruth, comprising: receiving a document comprising unstructured text and a table; generating questions by applying a template the contents of the table; performing QA pair generation operations on the table to generate QA pairs, each QA pair comprising a question generated by applying the template; and, assigning a score to each QA pair, the score providing an indicator of user interest to each QA pair, the score being based on a score generation methodology using the unstructured text and the table.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, a plurality of images as search results returned based at least in part on a search string for an item in the form of a tuple including an item class, an action and an actor. The method further includes determining, by the processing device, whether the search string is effective at indicating a common item use based on image similarity. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use, generating, by the processing device, an alternative search string.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, a plurality of images returned as results to an executed search string in the form of a tuple including an item class, an action and an actor. The method further includes generating, by the processing device, a collection similarity score by comparing at least one of the plurality of images to at least one other of the plurality of images. The method further includes determining, by the processing device, whether the collection similarity score exceeds a collection threshold. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the similarity score does not exceed the collection threshold, indicating that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes constructing, by a processing device, a search string based at least in part on a tuple including an item class, an action, and an actor. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, a plurality of images based at least in part on the search string for an item. The method further includes evaluating, by the processing device, the retrieved plurality of images based on a similarity to determine whether the search string is effective at indicating a common item use. The method further includes, based at least in part on determining that the search string is ineffective at indicating the item use, generating, by the processing device, an alternative search string.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for constructing, evaluating, and improving a search string for retrieving images are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a processing device, an item identifier. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, an item description based at least in part on the item identifier. The method further includes identifying, by the processing device, a tuple indicating a common item use based at least in part on the item description. The method further includes constructing, by the processing device, a search string based at least in part on the tuple. The method further includes retrieving, by the processing device, at least one image based at least in part on the search string.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for creating question-answer pairs is provided. The computer-implemented method includes leveraging domain specific resources including, at least one or more of lexicons, glossaries, or knowledge bases for constructing templates for creating the question-answer pairs. The computer implemented method further includes leveraging user experiences of a plurality of users for constructing templates. The computer implemented method further includes eliminating erroneous question-answer pairs based on templates specifications of a heuristic process of the constructed templates.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor receives input from a user, processes a first portion of the input via more than one service module while receiving a second portion of the input to determine a first speculative result, wherein processing the first portion of the input comprises executing at least one service module coupled to a corresponding speculation buffer, processes a second portion of the input via the more than one service module to determine a second speculative result, wherein processing the second portion of the input comprises executing the at least one service module coupled to the corresponding speculation buffer, processes the input via the more than one service module to determine a final output, wherein processing the input comprises executing the at least one service module coupled to the corresponding speculation buffer, and outputs the final output to the user.

Abstract: Simulating particle beam interactions includes identifying a set of n functions F1, F2, . . . , Fn corresponding to a plurality of different physical aspects of a particle beam, performing simulations of each Fi using a full physics model, selecting for each Fi a distribution function fi that models relevant behavior and reducing computation of the full physics model for each Fi by replacing Fi with a distribution function fi. The computation reduction includes comparing a set of simulations wherein each fi replaces its respective Fi to determine if relevant behavior is accurately modeled and selecting one of fi or Fi for each n, for a Monte Carlo simulation based on a runtime and accuracy criteria.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for using table-based groundtruth to train a question-answer (QA) system, comprising: receiving a corpus of text comprising unstructured text and a table; performing QA pair generation operations on the unstructured text and the table to generate QA pairs, the QA pairs being based upon information obtained from the table; assigning a score to each QA pair, the score corresponding to an indicator of user interest.

Abstract: A method and system are provided. The method includes splitting, by a processor based on radiation beamlet contributions to neighboring voxels, at least one row in a voxel-beamlet matrix and corresponding elements of a target dose vector prior to, and in preparation for, a regression operation. The voxel-beamlet matrix has a row for each of a plurality of voxels in a three-dimensional patient volume and a column for each of a plurality of radiation beamlets. The target dose vector represents a desired energy amount for each of the plurality of voxels in the three-dimensional patient volume. The target dose vector corresponds voxel-by-voxel to rows in the voxel-beamlet matrix. The method further includes performing, by the processor, the regression operation on the voxel-beamlet matrix and target dose vector to obtain beamlet weights. The method also includes determining an actual radiation dosing scheme for a given patient based on the beamlet weights.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for automating the generation of table-based groundtruth, comprising: receiving a document comprising unstructured text and a table; generating questions by applying a template the contents of the table; performing QA pair generation operations on the table to generate QA pairs, each QA pair comprising a question generated by applying the template; and, assigning a score to each QA pair, the score providing an indicator of user interest to each QA pair, the score being based on a score generation methodology using the unstructured text and the table.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for converting clinical criteria constraints for a target structure of radiation therapy into a second set of constraints. The method includes selecting, by a hardware processor, a plurality of clusters of voxels in the target structure based on pre-specified criteria. The method further includes assigning, by the hardware processor, each of the plurality of clusters of voxels a respective constraint that specifies one or more bounds on a radiation dose applied to each voxel in a corresponding one of the plurality of clusters of voxels. The method also includes storing, in a memory device, the respective constraint for each of the plurality of clusters of voxels.