Abstract: An electric resistance furnace adapted for operation at about 1,800.degree. C. or higher temperatures even in an oxidizing or neutral atmosphere is disclosed. The furnace has a cylindrical heating chamber defined by a generally cylindrical heating element made of ceramic material, such as zirconium oxide and lanthanum chromide. The heating element has a wall thickness which is very small at its middle section and gradually increases toward each end. The middle section of the heating element defines the useful part of the heating chamber into which the heat generated by the heating element is effectively concentrated. An electrode comprising an annular foil of platinum is provided at each end of the heating element to pass electric current therethrough.