Abstract: A method is disclosed for monitoring deposit formation in an aqueous process. The method includes providing a feed flow of aqueous liquid onto a receiving surface of a monitoring cell. At least part of the receiving surface is illuminated with a light source. Visual data is collected at a multitude of positions across the receiving surface, and the collected visual data is analysed. A quantitative scaling and/or fouling indication is computed for the receiving surface. The monitoring cell has an inlet for the aqueous feed flow and an outlet for a reject flow from the monitoring cell. The receiving surface includes a selective barrier membrane. The feed flow is directed to the receiving surface at an elevated pressure to produce a permeate part that passes through the selective barrier membrane, and a concentrate part that forms the reject flow.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for monitoring and controlling treatment of a waste water stream. The method includes measuring UV absorbance of a waste water influent and/or waste water effluent, measuring turbidity of the waste water influent and/or waste water effluent, and determining the concentration of dissolved organics in the waste water influent and/or waste water effluent based on the measured UV absorbance. The method includes controlling the dosing of at least one coagulant to the waste water influent based on the measured UV absorbance and/or the determined concentration of the dissolved organics, and optionally based on the measured turbidity, and optionally controlling the dosing of at least one flocculant to the waste water influent based on the measured turbidity.